摘要
目的探讨儿童过敏性鼻炎伴腺样体肥大患儿采用舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗的疗效。方法将90例过敏性鼻炎合并腺样体肥大的患儿按随机数字表法分为A、B、C 3组,每组30例。A组给予舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗;B组给予常规抗过敏药物治疗;C组舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂,同时进行常规抗过敏药物治疗。对3组患者治疗前及治疗6个月后鼻部症状(鼻塞、鼻痒、喷嚏、流涕等)和睡眠打鼾症状(憋气、反复惊醒、打鼾、张口呼吸等)的严重程度采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)进行评分;采用鼻咽X线或CT检查测量腺样体最大厚度与鼻咽膜前后径之比(A/N比值)。结果 3组治疗前鼻痒、鼻塞、流涕和喷嚏VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗6个月后,3组鼻痒、鼻塞、流涕和喷嚏VAS评分均显著低于治疗前(均P<0.05);3组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组治疗前睡眠打鼾症状VAS评分及A/N比值比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);治疗6个月后3组睡眠打鼾症状评分及A/N比值均显著低于治疗前,B组低于A组,C组低于B组(均P<0.05)。结论过敏性鼻炎与儿童腺样体肥大存在密切关系。舌下特异性免疫治疗在有效地改善鼻过敏症状的同时,还可以通过缩少腺样体改善患儿睡眠打鼾症状,为非手术治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎伴腺样体肥大提供了新的方法。
Objective To investigate the curative effects of specific sublingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides farinae drops on allergic rhinitis complicated by adenoid hypertrophy in children.Methods Ninety children with allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy randomly re-ceived sublingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides farinae drops（group A,n=30）,conven-tional treatment with anti-allergic drugs（group B,n=30）,or their combination（group C,n=30）. Nasal symptoms（nasal congestion,nasal itching,sneezing,runny nose,etc.）and snoring symp-toms（labored breathing,waking up repeatedly,snoring,mouth breathing,etc.）were evaluated u-sing the visual analogue scale（VAS）before and after treatment for 6 months.The maximum thickness of adenoid/anterior-posterior diameter of nasopharyngeal air space （A/N）ratio was＆nbsp;measured by X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography.Results Before treatment,there were no significant differences among the three groups in VAS scores of nasal symptoms and sno-ring symptoms,as well as in A/N ratio（P 〉0.05）.After treatment for 6 months,VAS scores of nasal symptoms and snoring symptoms and A/N ratio obviously reduced in all the three groups （P 0.05）.Compared with group B,VAS scores of snoring symp-toms and A/N ratio increased in group A but decreased in group C（P 〈0.05）.Conclusion There is a close relationship between allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy in children.Specific sub-lingual immunotherapy not only improves nasal allergic symptoms,but also relieves snoring symptoms through reducing adenoid volume.Therefore,specific sublingual immunotherapy pro-vides a new method for non-surgical treatment of allergic rhinitis complicated by adenoid hyper-trophy.
出处
《南昌大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
2015年第3期40-43,共4页
Journal of Nanchang University：Medical Sciences
基金
广东省医学科研基金课题(A2014864)
关键词
儿童
过敏性鼻炎
腺样体肥大
免疫治疗
粉尘螨滴剂
children
allergic rhinitis
adenoid hypertrophy
immunotherapy
Dermatophagoides farinae drops
