摘要
西藏甘蓝型油菜种质资源匮乏。为探讨西藏春播条件下半冬性甘蓝型油菜的温光特性,提高其在高原春播区的利用价值,以18个半冬性甘蓝型油菜品种为材料,应用典型相关分析方法分析了春播条件下光温因子与半冬性甘蓝型油菜产量及农艺性状的典型相关性。结果表明:春播区光温因子与半冬性甘蓝型油菜的产量及农艺性状均有显著典型相关关系,不同生育时期起主导作用的光温因子不同:营养生长期光温因子与分枝性状典型相关,影响分枝数的主要光温因子是营养生长期的积温;蕾花期光温因子与主茎、分枝性状典型相关,影响主花序和主茎生长的主要光温因子是蕾花期累计日极端温差和总日照时数;角果成熟期光温因子与主茎、分枝、产量性状显著相关,影响单株有效角果数、千粒重的主要光温因子是角果成熟期累计日极端温差;角果期较长日照总时数可降低有效分枝高度,促进主花序伸长及单株产量的提高。西藏半冬性甘蓝型油菜的引种及新品种选育中,在早熟和"双低"特性的基础上应重点选育适应光照充足,能够忍耐极端温差的品种。农艺性状的选择应注重主花序长、二次有效分枝数、有效角果数和千粒重等具有较大潜力的品种。
To improve the utilization value of semi-winter rapeseed in Tibet, canonical correlations were used to analyze canonical correlations of light and temperature with yield and agronomic characters of semi-winter rapeseed （Brassica napus L.） sowed in spring. The aim of the study was to effectively solve the shortage of rapeseed germplasm resources in Tibet. In this paper, light and temperature indicators, including accumulated temperature, daily extreme temperature difference and total sunshine length, were investigated during vegetative growth period, bud and flowering period and silique mature period, respectively. The agronomic and yield characters for 18 semi-winter rapeseed varieties were also investigated in different growth period, which included four stem characters, two branch characters and four yield characters. The results showed that the yield and agronomic characters of semi-winter rapeseed were significantly correlated with accumulated temperature, extreme temperature difference and sunshine length during different growth periods of semi-winter rapeseed. However, in different growth periods, the dominant light and temperature indicators were different. During vegetative growth period, light and temperature were significantly correlated with branch characters. The dominantly driving light and temperature indicator of branches number was accumulated temperature. During bud and flower period, extreme temperature difference and sunshine length played a determinative role, which had better promotion effect on stem and main inflorescence. During silique mature period, light and temperature were significantly correlated with stem, branch and yield characters. Extreme temperature differences were the key driving factor for the effects on the effective silique number and 1000-grain weight. Longer sunshine length decreased primary branch height and increased length of main inflorescence and yield per plant. In conclusion, it was suggested to pay attention to rapeseed varieties that were tolerant to extreme differences in temperature and sufficient light when introducing and breeding semi-winter rapeseed for early maturity and ‘double low’ quality in Tibet. The first focus of the selection of agronomic traits was on the length of main inflorescence, followed by effective branch number, effective silique number and then 1000-grain weight.
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第8期987-993,共7页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31360341)资助
关键词
春播
半冬性甘蓝型油菜
农艺性状
产量
光温因子
典型相关
Spring sowing
Semi-winter rapeseed （Brassica napus L.）
Agronomic character
Yield
Light and temperature characters
Canonical correlation analysis
