摘要
通过调查木薯的风害、结薯特性以及模拟拉力抗倒试验,探讨种茎的种植芽向对木薯抗风性的影响。结果表明:抗风能力最强的是木薯种植芽向与风力方向相同,其次是与风力方向垂直,最弱是与风力方向相反;使木薯植株倾斜到同一角度,所需最大拉力为芽向与拉力方向相同,其次为芽向与拉力方向垂直,最小为芽向与拉力方向相反;种茎基部的结薯数占比最高,与种茎顶部及其两侧达到极显著差异,当台风风力作用于植株时,不同受力方向的块根起不同作用,因木薯块根(薯块)富含淀粉且薯柄较小,其作为支撑根容易裂折而抗风力弱,而作为拉持根则起到较强的牵引耐风作用。综上分析,抗风能力最强的是木薯种植芽向与风力方向相同,其次是芽向与风力方向垂直,最弱是芽向与风力方向相反。在频发风害地区,建议木薯种植芽向与常发风害的风力方向一致。
A field experiment was conducted in 2014 to assess the relationship between the wind-resistance ability of cassava and different bud directions of cutting through an investigation for typhoon damage on cassava, a simulates lodging test with tension, and a survey of distribu- tion characteristic of storage root along cassava cutting. The results indicated that ： （i） In the effect of typhoon damage investigation, the best treatment of strongest wind-resistance ability was cassava bud direction consistent with wind-driven direction, which is the opposite direction of wind direction from typhoon, the second one was cassava bud direction perpendicular to wind-driven direction, the weakest was cassava bud direction contrary to wind-driven direction; （ii） In the simulation testing, the required tension to make cassava plants tilted to a certain angle, was the maximum when the bud direction was consistent with tension, followed by the bud direction perpendicular to tension direc- tion, and minimum when the bud direction was opposite to tension direction; （iii） In the survey of distribution characteristic of storage root, the percentage of storage root on the cutting base side of cassava was the highest, which was significantly different to that on the top and beth sides of cassava cutting. When the typhoon acted on the plant, cassava root played different wind-resistance roles when the roots with differ- ent direction stresses, because storage roots were rich in starches and root neck were smaller, as supporting roots, they were easily broken so as to show weak wind-resistance ability, but as pulling roots, they showed strong traction resistance to the wind. In summary, the strongest wind-resistance ability was cassava bud direction consistent with wind-driven direction, the second one was cassava bud direction perpendicu- lar to wind-drlven direction, the weakest was cassava bud direction contrary to wind-drlven direct/on. In typhoon prone regions, we recom- mend that cassava bud direction consistent with the wind-driven direction of typhoon when planting cassava.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期1348-1354,共7页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代木薯产业技术体系栽培管理岗(CARS-12-hnhj)
中国热带农业科学院院本级基本科研业务费专项资金(1630032014011)
关键词
木薯
种茎
芽向
台风
抗风
Cassava
Cutting
Bud direction
Typhoon
Wind-resistance
