摘要
目的通过分析门诊孕前检查结果 ,了解计划妊娠者相关健康状况,为有效开展出生缺陷一级预防提供参考。方法收集2014年8月至2015年2月,在西安交通大学第一附属医院妇女保健门诊自愿进行孕前检查的883人进行匿名式问卷调查和健康检查,结果经整理录入后,采用SPSS 18.0进行统计学分析。结果调查共获得852份完整资料,有效率为96.5%。参检者中女性占59.5%,平均年龄31.46±3.47岁;男性占40.5%,平均年龄30.71±2.38岁。疾病筛查异常发生率为54.9%,其中79.1%是生殖系统指标异常;男女间比较,男性生殖系统筛查异常发生率明显高于女性(57.4%vs 33.9%,x^2=46.016,P<0.001);女性内科内分泌异常检出率明显高于男性(14.0%vs 7.2%,x^2=9.377,P<0.01)。经确诊的现患病率为33.3%,以生殖系统和内分泌及代谢性疾病最多见,分别为23.1%和7.9%;其中男性泌尿生殖系统现患病率高于女性(26.7%vs 20.7%,x^2=4.100,P<0.05),而女性内分泌及代谢性疾病患病率高于男性(9.7%vs 5.2%,x^2=5.604,P<0.05)。传染病患病率为4.6%。参检对象家族性或遗传性疾病的自报率为1.4%,女性不良孕育史自报率为25.4%。实验室筛查致畸微生物感染总阳性检出率为1.4%。结论孕前检查可以为计划妊娠夫妇提供生育风险评估和健康指导,是实现出生缺陷一级预防的重要措施之一。
Objective To understand health status of planed pregnancy persons and provide reference for primary prevention against birth defects by investigating and analyzing the results of outpatient cases at pre-pregnancy examination. Methods From August 2014 to February 2015, anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey and pre-pregnancy examination were conducted among 883 outpatient cases for planed pregnancy visiting the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’ an Jiaotong University. After being sorted, the data was statistically analyzed with SPSS 18. 0. Results The data of 852 cases （96. 5%） were valid. Among the subjects, 59. 5% were females with average age of 31. 46 ± 3. 47, and 40. 5% were males with average age of 30. 71 ± 2. 38. The abnormal screening rate of diseases was 54. 9%, of which 79. 1% were the abnormality of reproductive system indexes. Comparison showed significant high abnormality rate of reproductive system indexes in males than in females （57. 4% vs 33. 9%,χ2 =46. 016, P〈0. 001）, but females had significant higher incidence of abnormal indexes on endocrine than males （14. 0% vs 7. 2%,χ2 =9. 377,P〈0. 01）. The prevalence was 33. 3%, and the common diseases were reproductive system diseases （23. 1%） and endocrine and metabolic diseases （7. 9%）. The males had higher prevalence of reproductive diseases than females （26. 7% vs 20. 7%, χ2 =4. 100,P〈0. 05）, but the females had higher prevalence of endocrine and metabolic diseases （9. 7% vs 5. 2%,χ2 =5. 604,P〈0. 05）. The detection rate of infectious disease was 4. 6%. The self-reported rate of familial or genetic diseases was 1. 4%;and that of abnormal pregnancy history among women was 25. 4%. The total positive detection rate of infection by teratogenic microorganisms was 1. 4% in laboratory. Conclusion Pre-pregnancy examination can provide reproductive risk assessment and health guidance for couples planning pregnancy, and it is one of the important measures for primary prevention against birth defects.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2015年第3期447-450,共4页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
孕前检查
保健服务
出生缺陷
一级预防
pre-pregnancy examination
health care service
birth defects
primary prevention
