摘要
为了分析近40年青藏高原温度和降水的时空变化情况,采用1974~2013年青藏高原122个气象站点的逐月气象观测资料,利用Arc GIS和Sigma Plot分析工具,得到青藏高原年平均气温、极端气温和年降水量在时间序列上的变化趋势,以及在各时段中的空间差异.研究结果表明：1974~2013年,青藏高原区域气温和降水量均呈上升趋势,平均气温增加2.40℃,平均最低气温和平均最高气温的增加速率和幅度大致相同,而极端最低气温的增长速率大于极端最高气温的增长速率.降水量从西北向东南方向逐渐增加,1974~2003年降水量的增加速率是增大的,2004~2013年增加速率减小.青藏高原降水量增加最为显著的是1994~2003年的西藏中部.
To analysis the spatiotemporal variation of temperature and precipitation, the monthly climatic documents were collected from 122 meteorological stations across Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1973 to 2013. The variation trends of annual mean temperature,annual extreme temperature and annual accumulate precipitation in the time series, and the spatial differences in all the periods（ 1974 - 1983,1984- 1993, 1994 - 2003,2004- 2013）,were respectively shown in ArcGIS and SigmaPlot. The study results showed that the increasing trends of temperature and precipitation were found in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1974 to 2013,and the annual mean temperature increased by 2.4 ~C, and the increased speed and amplitude of annual minimum temperature and annual maximum temperature were both changed unanimously. However, the increased speed of extreme annual minimum temperature was higher than that of extreme annual maxi- mum temperature. The precipitation gradually increased from the northwest to the southeast in Qinghai-Ti- betan Plateau. The increasing speed of precipitation mae from 1974 to 2003 while it reduced from 2004 to 2013. The most significant increase of the precipitation was found in the central Tibet from 1994 to 2003.
出处
《成都大学学报（自然科学版）》
2015年第2期191-195,共5页
Journal of Chengdu University（Natural Science Edition）
基金
中国科学院西部行动计划(KZCX2-XB3-08)资助项目
关键词
气象学
生态环境
青藏高原
气温
降水量
极端气温
meteorology
ecological environment
Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
temperature
precipitation
ex- treme annual temperature
