摘要
新烟碱类农药的大量使用,导致非靶标生物受到威胁,如美国蜜蜂种群数量锐减等。蚯蚓作为土壤生态系统中的一种重要动物,是生态环境安全评价的一个重要指标。本试验采用标准化人工土壤法,研究了吡虫啉、噻虫啉和氯噻啉3种新烟碱类农药对蚯蚓体重损失率和体腔细胞溶酶体膜稳定性的影响。试验结果表明,仅高浓度吡虫啉(1.6mg/kg)、噻虫啉(6.4mg/kg)和氯噻啉(1.6mg/kg)对蚯蚓生长有抑制作用;3种药剂对体腔细胞溶酶体膜稳定性的影响具有时间和剂量效应,对溶酶体膜的毒性作用随着药剂浓度增加和暴露时间延长而增强。相同剂量下,处理7d时,氯噻啉引起的蚯蚓体重损失率显著高于吡虫啉和噻虫啉;而对于溶酶体膜的毒性,在处理第2天时,氯噻啉显著高于吡虫啉和噻虫啉。同时,蚯蚓体腔细胞溶酶体膜中性红保留时间较蚯蚓体重损失率更为敏感,更适合于监测低剂量污染物对非靶标生物的影响。
Neonicotinoids are widely used to control a broad spectrum of sucking and some chewing pests, but they also have negative impacts on non-target organisms that attract more and more attention. Earthworms are consid- ered as important bioindicators of chemical pollution in the soil ecosystem. In this study, the weight loss and neu- tral red retention time （NRRT） in the earthworm Eisenia fetida treated with imidacloprid, thiacloprid and imida- clothiz were investigated. Our results showed that high concentrations of imidacloprid （1.6 mg/kg）, thiacloprid （6.4 mg/kg） and imidaclothiz （1.6 mg/kg） inhibited the growth of earthworms. Their toxicity to lysosomal mem- branes increased with exposure concentration and time. The effect of imidaclothiz on the weight （7 d） and lysoso- mal membranes （2 d） of earthworms was significantly higher than that of imidacloprid and thiacloprid at the same concentrations. However, the neutral red retention time was more sensitive than the weight loss and more suitable for monitoring the impact of low-dose pollutants on the growth of non-target organisms.
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期35-39,共5页
Plant Protection
基金
国家自然科学基金(31171878,31272079)
