摘要
2012～2013年在陇中黄土高原半干旱丘陵沟壑区采用大田试验研究了不同耕作措施（传统耕作、免耕、旋耕、深松耕）对全膜双垄沟播技术下粮饲兼用玉米产量形成及水分利用的影响.结果表明：深松耕与旋耕下叶面积指数相近,较传统耕作与免耕提高27.12%～40.24%,光合势动态变化与叶面积指数基本一致;各生育时期干物质积累量都表现为旋耕、深松耕〉免耕〉传统耕作,旋耕和深松耕处理双穗率、穗粗、千粒质量均高于传统耕作和免耕;2年平均生物产量、经济产量及秸秆产量旋耕与深松耕处理较高,且有较高的水分利用效率.因此,深松耕与旋耕通过增加叶面积指数提高了叶片光合势,从而增加了玉米干物质积累,且提高了双穗率、源器官光合产物向籽粒的转移量、促进果穗发育,最终有利于粮饲兼用玉米籽粒产量和生物产量及水分利用效率的提高.深松耕与旋耕是适合于黄土高原水土流失地区全膜双垄沟播技术下粮饲兼用玉米栽培的理想技术.
Field experiments of different tillage（conventional tillage,no tillage,rotary tillage,subsoiling）were studied for all film double furrow sowing and water use of forming technology of grain and forage maize yield from 2012 to 2013in Longzhong Semiarid Hilly and gully region of Loess Plateau.The results show that subsoiling tillage and rotary tillage of leaf area index under conventional tillage and no tillage was similar,increased 27.12%～40.24%,photosynthetic potential and dynamic changes of leaf area index were basically the same.The amount of dry matter accumulation were rotary tillage,subsoiling and no tillage,conventional tillage 〉in each growth period,rotary tillage and deep tillage tillage double spike rate,ear diameter,1 000 grain weight were higher than conventional tillage and no tillage.Two years average biological yield,economic yield and straw yield rotary tillage and deep tillage treatment were higher,and higher water use efficiency.Therefore,deep tillage and rotary tillage by increasing the leaf area index increased leaf photosynthetic potential,thus increased the dry matter accumulation in maize,and enhanced double spike rate,source organ photosynthates to grain transfer,promoted the ear growth,ultimately beneficial to grain and forage maize grain yield and biological yield and water use to improve the efficiency of the water.Deep tillage and rotary tillage is suitable for areas of the film double furrow sowing technology un-der ideal grain and forage maize cultivation of soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau.
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期46-52,共7页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
"973"前期项目(2012CB722902)
2011年度高校基本科研业务费项目(041034)
盛彤笙科技创新项目(GSAU-STS-1226)
关键词
耕作措施
粮饲兼用玉米
产量
水分利用效率
全膜双垄沟播
tillage
grain and forage maize
yield
WUE
complete mulched alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting
