摘要
目的:了解不同家庭情况、父母文化程度及职业的青少年忽视状况,为促进青少年身心健康提供科学依据。方法:依据方便分层整群抽样原则,选取嘉兴市和芜湖市7所中学6 347名青少年作为研究对象,并进行现场问卷调查,内容主要包括家庭情况、父母文化程度、职业状况和忽视情况等。结果:2 296名青少年曾受到过忽视,总忽视率为36.2%。长期与父母分开的家庭类型中青少年忽视率较高(46.7%);三代同堂家庭较低(33.3%),家庭年收入<1万元的青少年忽视率较高(43.9%),且不同家庭类型、家庭年收入的青少年忽视率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);父母文化程度为文盲的青少年忽视率较高(45.9%和45.2%);父母文化程度为大专者较低(25.6%和21.1%),并随着父母文化程度的提升,青少年忽视度评分总体呈现下降的趋势(χ2趋势=44.078和χ2趋势=82.987,P<0.01);父母无固定职业或打工者的青少年忽视率较高(40.2%和42.4%),父亲职业为公务员或教师和母亲职业为科技、金融业等较低(26.2%和25.4%),且父母不同职业忽视率差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:青少年忽视与家庭情况、父母文化程度及其职业密不可分,营造充满友爱的亲情家庭、采用正确的家庭教育及强化家庭管理,是预防和减少青少年忽视的重要措施。
Objective： To investigate the prevalence of child neglect in adolescents with different family background,parents＇ educational levels and employment status in order to supply evidence with mental health care for this population group. Methods： By convenient stratified cluster sampling,we conducted a survey on 6 347 students from 7 schools located in Wuhu,Anhui province and Jiaxin,Zhejiang province,respectively,with field questionnaire response. The items in the questionnaire included the family background,educational levels of parents,parental employment status and incidence of being neglected in family. Results： Neglect occurred in 2 296 of the total 6 347 students,which accounted for 36. 2%. Neglect was most prevalent in students living long-term separately from their parents（ 46. 7%）,followed by those whose parents annual income under 10 000 RMB yuan（ 43. 9%）,and those living with three generations in one house（ 33. 3%）. The difference was significant in adolescents with different family background and annual income of parents（ P〈0. 05）. Highest incidence of neglect was found in students with a father or mother of illiteracy compared to those with parents ever received college education（ 45. 9% /45. 2% vs. 25. 6% /21. 1%）. The incidence of neglect tended to generally decline in students with better education of parents（ χ^2tend=44. 078 and χ^2tend= 82. 987,P〈0. 01）. Adolescents whose father or mother was in temporary job position or migrant workers had higher rate of being neglected（ 40. 2% and 42. 4%） than those with parents＇ employment as civil servant or a teacher or a mother working in sections of science and technology or finance（ 26. 2% and 25. 4%）,which suggested statistical difference（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion： Prevalence of child neglect is strongly associated with family background,educational levels and employment of parents. Prevention and lessening of the extent for the adolescents being neglected shall focus on creation of a mercy parent-child relationship,appropriate family education improvement on family management.
出处
《皖南医学院学报》
CAS
2015年第1期77-80,共4页
Journal of Wannan Medical College
基金
安徽高校人文社会科学重点研究基地招标项目(SK2014A110)
皖南医学院人文社会科学重点研究基地(大学生心理健康教育研究中心)开放基金项目(SJD201306)
关键词
青少年
忽视
家庭背景
文化程度
职业
teenagers
neglected youth
family background
educational level
occupation
