摘要
利用阿勒泰地区7个气象站1961—2013年5—9月逐日降水量资料,采用数理统计方法分析了阿勒泰地区暖季昼夜降水的气候统计特征及其变化。结果表明:1近53 a阿勒泰地区暖季昼夜雨量空间分布基本一致,总体表现为由山麓丘陵向河谷平原减少的特征。各站暖季昼夜雨量差和雨日差值均呈昼雨量多于夜雨量,昼雨日多于夜雨日的分布。2全地区昼、夜降雨日数的月际分布均表现为单峰式分布,峰值为7月。3全地区昼夜降水量均呈增多趋势,日数均呈减少趋势,夜雨量的增加速率大雨昼雨雨量,夜雨日数的减少速率小雨昼雨日数,表明该地区暖季昼夜降水的雨强增大,极端降水事件有所增加,并且这种变化在夜间表现得更为明显。4夜雨量和夜雨日数和昼雨量的年代际变化一致,均在20世纪90年代最多,70年代最少;昼雨日数在80年代最多,21世纪第一个10 a最少。暖季昼夜降水日数均在1972年发生了突变,夜雨量和昼雨量分别在1983年和1991年发生了突变。5暖季昼夜降水的Morlet小波分析表明虽然昼夜雨量和日数各自有其周期变化特征,但也有共性,目前夜雨量、夜雨日数、昼雨日数均处于偏少时期。
Using daily precipitation data from seven weather stations from May to September in1961-2013, climate statistical characteristics and the change of day-night rainfall in Altay in the warm season was analyzed with mathematical statistics. The results show as follows.（1）In the warm season day and night rainfall spatial distributions were basically consistent in Aletai nearly 50 years, with a decreasing trend from the foothills to river valley plain. In the warm season precipitation and rainy days number in daytime were more than those in nighttime at each station.（2）Rose distribution of day-night rainfall days showed single peak type, and peak value was in July in the whole area.（3）Daily precipitation showed an increasing trend in Aletai, precipitation days number showed a decreasing trend. The rate of increasing of nighttime precipitation was larger, and the rate of decreasing of the days number of nighttime rain wass less. It means intensity of day-night precipitation in the warm season became strengthening, extreme precipitation events increased,and the two kinds of changes were more obviously.（4）The inter-annual variability of nighttime precipitation and its days number were consistent with that of daytime. And that were the most in1990 s, and the least in 1970 s. The days number of nighttime rainfall was the most in 1980 s, and the least in 2000 s. Days of day-night rainfall mutated in 1972. The day and night precipitation mutated in 1983 and 1991.（5）Morlet wavelet analysis of warm season rainfall showed periodic variation of day and night precipitation and their days are different, but there were similarities between them. For the current time, the nighttime precipitation, days of nighttime rainfall,days of daytime rain, are in the periods of less than normal.
出处
《沙漠与绿洲气象》
2015年第1期45-51,共7页
Desert and Oasis Meteorology
基金
新疆气象局科研项目(201314)
关键词
昼夜降水
气候特征
阿勒泰地区
diurnal rainfall
climate characteristics
Altay
