摘要
根据联合国粮农组织FAO提供的1950—2010年西北太平洋各沿海国的渔获生产统计数据,结合Fishbase提供的相关鱼种营养级(TL)以及Sea Around Us Project Database提供的无脊椎动物营养级,探讨了61年来西北太平洋各沿海国渔获物平均营养级的变化情况,以此判定各沿海国海洋渔业资源可持续利用情况。结果表明:除朝鲜外,其他沿海国均出现"捕捞对象沿着海洋食物网向下移动"的现象;中国、日本、韩国、俄罗斯渔获物平均营养级降低的速度分别为0.26/10a、0.21/10a、0.24/10a、0.15/10a;由于各国采取的渔业管理措施不同,导致各国渔业资源出现不同的现状。渔获物平均营养级的变化情况能够反映捕捞活动下各海域海洋生态系统的变化情况,建议西北太平洋各沿海国建立起基于渔获物统计的海洋渔业资源可持续利用评价监测系统,以掌握各国海洋生态系统结构和功能是否健康,为建立基于生态系统的渔业管理提供基础。
Based on the data provided by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,integrating with trophic level of related fish species collected from fishbase and trophic level of invertebrate provided by Sea Around Us Project database,this paper analyzed the fluctuation on mean trophic level of catch in coastal states of the northwest Pacific Ocean from 1950 to 2010in order to estimate the state of fishery resources in coastal states of the northwest Pacific Ocean.The results showed that all the coastal states except North Korea appeared the phenomenon of＂fishing down the marine food web＂.The decreasing speed of mean trophic level in China,Japan,South Korea and Russian were 0.26/decade,0.21/decade,0.24/decade,0.15/decade respectively.Due to the different fisheries management measures adopted by the countries,the state of fishery resources in different countries were entirely different.Changes in mean trophic level can reflect changes in marine ecosystem under fishing activities.For the purpose of knowing whether the structure and function of marine ecosystem is healthy or not in realtime,we recommend that each country should establish a monitoring system which based on the catch data to evaluate the sustainable utilization of marine fishery resources,and it can also provide the basis for the establishment of ecosystem-based fisheries management.
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期54-66,共13页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC41276156)
国家高科技研究发展计划项目(2012AA092303)
国家发改委产业化专项项目(2159999)
上海市科技创新行动计划项目(12231203900)资助
关键词
西北太平洋沿海国
可持续利用
平均营养级
渔获统计
coastal states of the northwest Pacific Ocean
sustainable utilization
mean trophic level
catch statistics
