摘要
以冈优725为对照,研究了不同施氮量对7个宜香系列杂交稻组合的干物质生产特性、产量形成特点、氮素吸收规律及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,与冈优725相比,在75 kg N·hm^-2下,宜香1108、宜香1577和宜香7808有效穗较多、结实率较高、成熟期干物质及齐穗至成熟期的干物质积累量大,分别增产0.7%、0.5%和5.2%,成熟期氮素吸收量、氮肥偏生产力、氮肥吸收利用率均较冈优725高;在150 kg N·hm^-2下,宜香1577、宜香1979、宜香3003和宜香7808有效穗较多、粒重较高、收获指数较大,分别增产0.8%、0.5%、1.0%、1.4%,氮肥利用率差异不显著。可见,氮肥的适量施用和合理的施用比例,有利于提高宜香系列杂交稻组合产量和氮肥利用率。在施氮量75～150 kg N·hm^-2范围内,施氮量不是高产的限制因子。宜香系列杂交稻组合的有效穗较多,提高每穗粒数和结实率是获得高产的可能途径。
The dry matter production characteristics, yield formation, nitrogen uptake characteristics as well as nitrogen use efficiency were studied by using seven hybrid rice combinations derived from Yixiang 1A as material and Gangyou725 as a control grown under different nitrogen application rates. The result showed that： The grain yield of Yixiang 1108, Yixiang1577 and YixiangTg0$, which grown under 75 kg N ha^-1, were higher by 0.7 %, 0.5 % and 5.2 % than that of Gangyou725, respectively, mainly due to the contribution of higher panicles per m^2, grain-filling percentage, total dry matter and biomass accumulation from heading to physiological maturity. The total nitrogen uptake, nitrogen partial factor production and nitrogen recovery efficiency of Yixiang1108, Yixiang1577 and Yixiang7808 was higher than those of Gangyou 725. The grain yield of Yixiang1577, Yixiang1979, Yixiang3003 and Yixiang7808, which grew under 150 kg N ha^-1 , were higher by 0.8 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 % and 1.4 % than that of Gangyou725, respectively, mainly due to the contribution of higher panicles per m^2, grain weight and harvest index. A no significant difference in nitrogen use efficiency was observed. Thus, the appropriate N rate and rational application ratio of fertilizer-N could increase grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of hybrid rice combinations derived from Yixiang 1A. The fertilizer rate in the range from 75 - 150 kg N ha^-1 was not the limiting factor for harvest yield performance. Hybrid rice combinations derived from Yixiang 1A produced more panicles per m^2, it is feasible to achieve high grain yield through increase of spikelets per panicle and grain-filling percentage.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期2432-2439,共8页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家"863"计划项目
国家科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目
四川省"十一五"水稻育种攻关项目
关键词
施氮量
产量
氮肥利用率
杂交稻
Nitrogen application rate
Grain yield
Nitrogen use efficiency
Hybrid rice
