摘要
中俄界江是黑龙江省发展生态旅游的重要潜力区之一,科学评价其生态旅游潜力是合理开发生态旅游资源,促进中俄边境地区生态旅游可持续发展的基础。基于生态位理论,结合中俄界江生态旅游发展实践,从旅游资源、旅游环境、旅游社区、旅游市场、旅游区位和旅游交通6个维度构建了生态旅游潜力生态位评价指标体系,使用Simpson模型和Pianka模型计算了中俄界江生态旅游潜力生态位宽度和生态位重叠度。研究表明：①中俄界江沿岸14个县市区生态旅游潜力生态位宽度评价值为6.15~18.80;②中俄界江生态旅游潜力生态位宽度空间特征明显,漠河、黑河、抚远、密山为I级潜力区,萝北、嘉荫、同江、虎林和饶河为II级潜力区,塔河、呼玛、孙吴、绥滨和逊克为Ⅲ级潜力区,乌苏里江河段生态旅游潜力生态位宽度大于黑龙江河段,生态旅游资源子系统与生态旅游潜力生态位宽度的相关性最高;③中俄界江沿岸共有69对县市生态旅游潜力生态位重叠度大于0.5,占到总数的75.82%,表明其生态旅游潜力要素具有较大的相似性,易导致激烈的旅游竞争。最后提出了黑龙江省中俄界江生态旅游总体发展对策包括加强生态旅游资源与环境保护、开发特色多元的生态旅游产品、培育和开拓境内外市场、深化境内外生态旅游合作、完善生态旅游设施,并针对不同潜力区给出了差异性的生态旅游发展对策。
The Sino-Russian border river area is a hot spot for ecotourism in Heilongjiang, and a fundamental scientific assessment of ecotourism development potential and sustainable ecotourism development is required. Based on niche theory and current ecotourism practices in the Sino-Russian border river, an evaluation index system of ecotourism potential niche was established, which includes six components ranging from ecotourism resources, ecotourism environment, ecotourism community, ecotourism market, and ecotourism location to ecotourism traffic. With the Simpson model and Pianka model, niche breadth and niche overlap of potential eco-tourism cases were calculated. We found that the scores of the ecotourism potential niche breadth of the Sino-Russian border river is between 6.15 and 18.80. Ecotourism potential niche evaluation of each subsystem niche breadth shows that spatial difference is significant： Heihe city, Fuyuan County, Mishan City belong to level I of the potential area; Luobei County, Jiayin County, Tongjiang City, Hulin City and Raohe County belong to level II of the potential area; and Tahe County, Huma County, Sunwu County, Suibin County and Xunke County belong to level of the potential area. The niche width of the Ussuri River is bigger than that of the Heilongjiang River. Ecotourism resources subsystem and ecotourism potential niche breadth boasts the highest correlation. There are 69 pairs of Sino-Russian border river ecotourism potential niche overlap degree greater than 0.5, accounting for 75.82% of the total, which illustrates ecotourism in different counties of the Sino-Russian border river has great similarity in some potential factors aspects. We suggest that the whole Sino-Russian border river and Sino-Russian border river ecotgurism potential area should adopt differential strategies for niche overlap optimization.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期1142-1151,共10页
Resources Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(编号:41301141
41171435)
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所一三五战略科技计划项目(编号:2012BG005)
浙江省自然科学基金(编号:LY13D010007)
宁波市学科带头人培育项目(编号:G12-XK10)
关键词
生态旅游潜力
生态位宽度
生态位重叠度
评价
中俄界江
ecotourism potential
niche breadth
niche overlap
evaluation
Sino-Russian border river
