摘要
明确枸溶性钾肥对稻麦轮作体系的应用效果,开发利用枸溶性钾肥,对于解决我国钾资源缺乏有重要意义。试验分枸溶性钾肥不同用量、枸溶性钾肥与水溶性钾肥不同配比2个部分,探究其对小麦当季的应用效果及水稻的后效作用。结果表明：枸溶性钾肥不同用量各处理的稻麦产量、生物量、钾素累积量和土壤速效钾含量均随施肥量的增加而增加,但施用高水平的枸溶性钾肥会造成稻麦的奢侈吸收。比较分析等量水溶性钾肥和枸溶性钾肥施用处理,水溶性钾肥对小麦当季肥效更好,而枸溶性钾肥则对后季水稻效果更好。以枸溶性钾肥代替水溶性钾肥,枸溶性钾肥适宜施用量为0.150~0.225g·kg^-1。与对照相比,等量施钾下,枸溶性钾肥与水溶性钾肥不同配比均能提高稻麦生物量、产量、不同部位钾含量、钾素累积量、钾肥利用率及土壤速效钾含量,其中以枸溶性钾肥与水溶性钾肥配比为1∶1的效果最佳。结论：从枸溶性钾肥对稻麦钾养分供应角度考虑,枸溶性钾肥可替代或部分替代水溶性钾肥。
Potassium is involved in many important biochemical processes of plant. It plays an important role in improving crop quality,increasing lodging resistance and enhancing crop resistance to pests and diseases. Water-soluble potassium fertilizer resources are quite poor in our country resulting in large quantities of potassium fertilizer imported from foreign countries. However,the reserve of citrate acid-soluble potassium mineral widely existed. So it is very important to explore citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer to solve the problem of lacking of potassium resources in our country. To clarify the effects of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer on rice-wheat rotation system,two parts of different amount of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer and different ratio of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer to water-soluble potassium fertilizer were conducted in pot experiment. The roles of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer on the current season effect of wheat and the later season effect of rice were investigated. Furthermore,the wheat and rice parameters of the biomass,crop yield,potassium concentration in different crop positions,as well as potassium accumulation,potassium utilization efficiency and soil available K were analyzed to investigate the fertilizer effect of different treatments. The results obtained were as follows： 1） The wheat and rice yield,biomass and potassium accumulation were significantly enhanced as the citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer application amount increased. When applying the same amount of water-soluble potassium fertilizer（ WP100%） and citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer（ CP1）,the effect of WP100%was better than CP1 in the wheat season,whereas the CP1 was better in the rice season. When the application of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer was 0. 225 g·kg^-1（ CP3 /2） and 0.300 g·kg^-1（ CP2）,the annual potassium accumulation increased 74% and 114%,respectively,as compared with control. Furthermore,the annual production of rice and wheat increased 31% and 33%,respectively. Therefore,application of a high level of potassium can cause a luxury absorbed. The application of 0. 150-0. 225 g·kg^-1citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer was needed to replace the water-soluble potassium fertilizer. 2） When applying equal amount of potassium fertilizer,different ratio of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer to water-soluble potassium fertilizer could increase the crop biomass,crop yield,potassium content,potassium accumulation,the potassium utilization efficiency and soil available K content,as compared to control. The best ratio of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer to water-soluble potassium fertilizer was 1 ∶1（ WP50%）.Conclusions： Citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer could replace or partly replace the water-soluble potassium fertilizer. This study could provide scientific basis for promoting the use of citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer in large area.
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期75-82,共8页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203013
201103003)
关键词
水稻
小麦
产量
枸溶性钾肥(钾硅肥)
水溶性钾肥
rice
wheat
yield
citrate acid-soluble potassium fertilizer
water-soluble potassium fertilizer
