摘要
目的分析2006—2013年广东省职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病流行病学分布特征,提出预防控制措施。方法回顾性分析2006—2013年广东省报告的职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病的流行病学特征。结果 2006—2013年广东省共报告职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病413例,占本省此时期新发职业病的10.9%(413/3 785)。其中职业性噪声聋占99.3%(410/413)。8年间发病呈总体上升趋势,2011—2013年呈快速增长趋势。发病年龄<45岁者占80.4%(332/413),发病工龄<10年者占58.1%(240/413)。地区分布居前3位的分别为深圳市、广州市和佛山市,分别有139、94和60例,三者共占70.9%(293/413)。行业分布居前3位的分别为轻工业、机械业和电子业,分别有225、52和32例,三者共占74.8%(309/413);企业经济类型分布以外商投资企业、内资企业和港澳台投资企业多见,分别有166、133和102例,三者共占97.1%(401/413);企业规模分布以中型和大型企业多见,分别有177和140例,两者共占76.8%(317/413)。有诊断分级资料的289例职业性噪声聋病例中,轻度、中度和重度组分别有226、46和17例,各组组间年龄和工龄分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论广东省职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病发病数量呈总体上升趋势,是广东省职业病防治的新问题,应建立合理有效的管理机制,采取综合防治措施。
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of occupational ear, nose, and throat （ENT） and oral diseases in Guangdong province, 2006-2013, and to provide measures for disease prevention and control. Methods Ret- rospective epidemiological analysis method was applied to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of occupational ENT and oral diseases reported in Guangdong, 2006-2013. Results During the period from 2006 to 2013, Guangdong province reported 413 cases which occupied 10.9% （413/3 785 ） of all occupational diseases, including 410 （99. 3% ） occupation- al noise-induced deafness cases. The cases kept increasing on the whole and had a fast growth from 2011 to 2013. In all cases, the patients under 45 years-old accounted for 80.4% （332/413） , the patients worked less than 10 years accounted for 58. 1% （240/413）. Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Foshan were the top 3 cities which had 139, 94 and 60 cases respec- tively, totally accounted for 70.9% （293/413）. For different industries, the top 3 were light industry, machinery and elec- tronics, which had 225,52 and 32 cases respectively and accounted for 74.8% （309/413 ）. Foreign-invested enterprises, domestic enterprises and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan investment enterprises had 166, 133 and 102 cases respectively, accounting for 97.1% （401/413） of all. The medium- and large-size enterprises accounted for 76.8% （317/413） which had 177 and 140 cases respectively. All occupational noise-induced deafness cases were divided to 3 groups according to the diagnostic classification, there were 226 cases in mild group, 46 and 17 cases in moderate and severe groups, there was no statistical significant difference on age and seniority between any two groups （P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The trendof occupational ENT and oral disease cases in Guangdong province from 2006 to 2013 was continuously rising on the whole, which propose the requirement of establishing a reasonable and effective management mechanism to comprehensively pre- vent and control new problems.
出处
《中国职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第5期540-543,共4页
China Occupational Medicine
基金
广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2012A061400007)
广东省医学科研基金(A2012071)
关键词
职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病
爆震聋
流行病学特征
Occupational ear,nose and throat and oral disease
Explosion deafened
Epidemiological characteristic
