摘要
沟渠作为农田生态系统的重要组成部分,其排灌功能是农业生态安全的重要保障。随着农业面源污染的加剧,沟渠湿地技术已成为有效去除氮等农业面源污染物和防治水环境污染的有效途径。沟渠湿地中,氮的主要存在形式为无机氮,其迁移转化过程有物理、化学和生物等复杂过程;脱氮的机理包括植物的吸收、基质的吸附以及微生物的硝化-反硝化等。通过分析沟渠湿地技术在国内外应用的现状,指出沟渠生态系统可以作为一项新的最佳管理体系措施,用于控制农业面源污染,也是适合我国国情和地域特色的有效控制农业面源污染的技术手段,可作为削减农业径流中氮流失的有效方法,应加强沟渠湿地技术控制水体污染物运移的研究和管理。
Ditch is the important part in farmland ecosystem, and the function of irrigation and drainage is the important guarantee of agricultural ecological security. With the intensification of agricultural non-point source pollution, ditch wetland technology has become the effective way to removal of nitrogen and control of water pollution of the environment. Inorganic N is the main form in ditch wetland, and migration and transformations of N include physical, chemical and biological processes, et al. The functional mechanism and research progress to remove N by aquatic plants absorption, matrix adsorption, nitrification and denitrification microorganisms, are summed up. Based on the research and application of ditch wetland technology in domestic and foreign, the ditch wetland technologies are effective methods to remove N loss in surface runoff, which are Best management Practices and suited to China＇s national conditions. In the future, it will be very essential to strengthen the research and management of ditch wetland technology to control the migration of water pollutions.
出处
《农业现代化研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期583-587,共5页
Research of Agricultural Modernization
基金
湖南省水利科技项目(湘水科技〔2012〕141-5)
关键词
沟渠湿地
氮
转化
去除
ditch wetland
nitrogen
transformation
removal
