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南海地区定常行星波特征及其与南海夏季风的关系

THE ATMOSPHERIC LONGWAVE ADJUSTMENT OVER SOUTH CHINA SEA AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH SOUTH CHINA SEA MONSOON
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摘要 利用美国NCAR/NCEP的1951-2001年全球大气日平均再分析资料,对南海区域的高低层大气长波的变化特征及其与南海夏季风爆发时间的关系进行分析.结果表明,(1)纬向1~3波合成风场基本反映原始纬向风场的变化,南海地区处于东西风带的南北过渡区.(2)对流层高低层(200hPa和850hPa)纬向1波在南海区域累加值(S1)正负转换时间与南海夏季风建立日期较吻合.高层S1由正值稳定变为负值(西风转为东风)的时间比南海夏季风爆发提前1~2候,低层S1由负值稳定转为正值(东风转为西风)的时间则几乎与南海夏季风爆发时间同期.(3)以低层纬向l波(Sl)值随时间的变化为主要指标,定义了一个南海夏季风爆发指数,该指数对南海夏季风的建立具有较好的反映能力. By using 1951-2001 NCEP/NCAR global daily mean reanalysis datasets,characteristics of the atmospheric longwave change in the upper and lower troposphere over South China Sea (SCS) and its relationship with the onset data of SCS monsoon are analyzed.Results are shown as follows.(1) The composite wind field of zonal wave-number 1 (S1) to wave-number 3 basically reflects the change of the original zonal wind field,and SCS is the north-south transition zone of easterlies and westerlies.(2) The time when the accumulated value of S 1 over SCS in the upper (200hPa) and lower (850hPa) troposphere changes from positive to negative is coincided with the onset of SCS summer monsoon.The time when the value of S 1 in the upper troposphere steadily changes from positive to negative (westerlies convert to easterlies) is 1~2 pentads ahead of the onset of SCS summer monsoon,while the value of S1 in the lower troposphere steadily changes from negative to positive (easterlies convert to westerlies) at a time almost simultaneous with the onset of SCS summer monsoon.(3) A SCS summer monsoon onset index is defined with reference to the value of S 1 in the lower troposphere changing with time,and it is able to reflect the onset of SCS summer monsoon.
出处 《热带气象学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2014年第4期747-754,共8页 Journal of Tropical Meteorology
基金 国家自然科学基金项目(41275060 41175076) 国家重大科学研究计划项目(2014CB953903)共同资助
关键词 南海夏季风 定常行星波 季风指数 空间滤波 South China Sea summer monsoon atmospheric long-wave monsoon index
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