摘要
本文以云南省西双版纳州两县一市耕地土壤为研究对象,通过7 114个代表性耕层土壤（0 ～ 20 cm）有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的分析测定,运用ArcGIS的地统计学分析和Kriging理论模型,研究了西双版纳州耕地土壤肥力现状与空间分布特征,并与1983年土壤普查数据相比较,采用综合指数法分析了耕地土壤养分的变化特征.结果表明：西双版纳耕地土壤有机质质量分数处于中等偏上水平,大于20 g/kg的占81.8％：土壤碱解氮质量分数处于高等水平,大于120 mg/kg的占83.2％;土壤有效磷质量分数处于中等水平,5 ～ 20 mg/kg的占87.1％;土壤速效钾质量分数处于中等水平,大于100 mg/kg的占61.6％.但全州耕地土壤养分空间变异性强,总体空间分布呈西高东低趋势,有机质质量分数高、碱解氮丰富、有效磷和有效钾质量分数中等以上的土壤主要集中在勐海县.与1983年相比,土壤有机质质量分数丰富的耕地缩减了36.1％,而高、中质量分数的土壤分别增加12.2％和l8.6％;碱解氮质量分数丰富和高的土壤分别增加5.5％和12.5％;土壤有效磷质量分数低、少、缺的耕地缩减了30.6％,而中等质量分数以上的耕地增加了30.6％;土壤速效钾质量分数丰富的耕地缩减41.4％,而高、中、低质量分数的耕地分别增加1.2％,28.3％,25.3％.总体上看,目前西双版纳州耕地土壤肥力处于中等偏上水平.
The survey of soil fertility changes was conducted on arable soil of two counties and one town in Xishuangbanna region. Based on the soil testing data of 7 114 soil samples, ArcGIS and geostatistical analysis were used to study the spatial changes of soil fertility （ organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium） in topsoil （0 -20 cm） . The temporal changes in soil fertility were also studied by comparing with soil survey data of 1983 with the sampling comprehensive index method. The results showed that , soil organic matter content was above middle level of arable soil in Xishuangbanna, the proportion of soil areas above 20 g/kg was 81.8% ; Soil alkalihydrolysable nitrogen content was high level, the proportion of above 120 mg/kg was 83.2% ; Soil available phosphorus content was below middle level, the proportion of 5 -20 mg/kg was 87. 1% ; Soil available potassium content was at middle level, with 61.6% of soil samples was above 100 mg/kg. However, the soil fertility showed greatly spatial changes in Xizhuangbanna. The tendency was high in the western and low in the east. The soil areas with high organic matter content, abundant alkalihydrolysable nitrogen, middle level available phosphorus and middle level available potassium mainly located in Menghai County. Compared with 1983, the arable soil area with abundant organic matter reduced by 36. 1%, while soil areas with high and middle content increased by 12.2% and 18.6% respectively; The proportion of soil areas with abundant and high alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen content increased by 5.5% and 12.5% respectively; The proportion of soil areas with low, deficient and severe deficient levels of available phosphorus reduced by 30.6% , while soil area with high and middle available P content increased by 2. 4% and 28.2% respectively ; the arable soil area with abundant available potassium reduced by 41.4%, while soil area with high, middle and low content increased by 1.2% , 28.3% and 25.3% respectively. As a whole, the soil fertility level in Xishuangbanna region is in the middle level.
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期727-733,共7页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
关键词
耕地
土壤养分
GIS
时空变化
西双版纳
arable soil
soil nutrient
GIS
spatial and temporal
Xishuangbanna
