摘要
介绍了黄河断流的特点和原因 ,分析了黄河断流的变化趋势及断流在黄河三角洲地区造成的影响 ,指出断流不仅加重三角洲地区今后防洪的负担 ,而且对三角洲环境变化将产生重大影响。研究表明 ,黄河断流的原因是多方面的 ,流域降雨量的减少 ,水土保持减水是黄河流域水资源不足的主要原因 ;但人为用水如城乡工农业用水和居民生活用水量增加加剧了黄河的断流 ;人为引水过程中的水资源不合理利用乃至严重浪费、流域引水管理混乱、水资源统一调配的机构和机制不健全 ,缺乏具体有效的控制引水措施和手段是导致近年来黄河断流加剧的根源。黄河断流对三角洲地区的生态环境影响是严重的而且涉及到多个方面 ,包括造成了三角洲地区水资源的极度匮乏、影响三角洲地区水质质量、造成地下水质恶化、区域植被生态系统良性循环变差、陆区农业及海区渔业生态系统失调、湿地生态系统退化。
The characteristics of and causes for the rumning off ceasing of Huanghe are introduced, and the study shows that the trend of the ceasing of flow in Huanghe not only aggravates the burden to control flood, but also affects changes of the environment of the delta. water reduced by sustentation of water and soil, shrinkage of coming water, increase of water used by industry, agriculture and inhabits, waste in exploitation and utilization of Huanghe water, confusion of the management of water resources, lack of sanity in the institution and mechanism to prepare water resources, and lack of effectual measures to control pumped water cause the flow to cease. The ceasing of flow results in lose of water resources in the region, affects the quality of water drawn from the river, worsens the quality of underground water, threatens the development of plant ecosystem, causes maladjustment ecosystem of agriculture, fishery and marsh, and reduces variety of creature.
出处
《海洋科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第7期42-46,共5页
Marine Sciences
基金
山东师范大学科研基金资助项目
关键词
黄河断流
黄河三角洲
生态环境
影响
Huanghe delta, Ceasing of flow of Huanghe , Ecosystem environment, Effects
