摘要
本文研究了影响籼稻花药培养诱导率的9种重要因素的作用。供试品种和杂种共70余种。结果发现,不同基因型的培养力存在很大差异,这种差异表现在对各种因素上,如基本培养基成分、激素的种类与配比、对低温预处理的时间等等不同反应上。低温预处理是提高籼稻出愈率的有效措施,但由于不同基因型小孢子对低温的耐受力不同,所需的适合预处理时间也就不同。花药接种后先在30℃下培养3天后,再转入26℃下培养,较直接培养在26℃下可大幅度提高花粉檀株的产量。诱导培养基中补加脯氨酸、马铃薯提取液对提高出愈率和绿苗分化率有明显效果。
In order to improve pollen plant production, the effects of some factors on callus induction and plant regeneration were invesngated. These factors are cold pretreatment, basic media, hormones, organic supplements and high temperature at initial period of inocubation etc. More than seventy cultivars and hybrids were used. Results indicated that great genoty-pic differences in culture ability were revealed among the materials tested and the differences also existed in response to these factors. Cold pretreatment is an effective procedure for enhancing induction frequency of anther culture, but the reactions of different genotypes to Treatment duration are variable. Some materials were very sensitive to low temperature. Their micro-spore nuclei desintegrated quickly under 10℃ pretreatment, while for the others, the pretreatment under 10℃ for 7-10 days greatly increased their callus and regenerated plant production. The media containing NH4+ below 5 milliequivalent might be used for all indica lice, however, the responses of different genotypes to different basic media were different. Diffepent genotypes require different hormones. While some appropriate combinations of 2.4-D, NAA and kinetin were effective for most genotypes, callus induction and plant regeneration of some cultivars occured only in the presence of zeatin. Induction medium supplemented with CH 300mg/L and proline 100mg/L or CH and potato extract 20% generally enhanced pollen plant production. When the anthers first were incubated at 30℃ for 3 days after inoculation, then transferred to 26±1℃, its average yield of pollen plantlets was 76% higher than that incubated at 26 + 1℃ from beginning.
关键词
籼稻
花药
培养
诱导率
基因型
Oryza saliva subsp. indica, Anther culture, Genotype, Cold pretreatment, Short time culture in high- temperature, Basic media, Hormone, Proline
