摘要
本研究对12个中国春小麦(Triticum aestivum L.cv.Chinese Spring)×苏联球茎大麦(Hordtum bulbosum L.)属间整倍体株系及其与中国春小麦回交一代的减数分裂进行了细胞遗传学观察。 这些整倍体株系在减数分裂时染色体配对基本正常,其单价体频率接近中国春小麦。除2个株系(ST-3,ST-10)平均每细胞的单价体数高于0.5个外,其余都低于0.5个。 6个回交一代平均每细胞单价体数高于1.0个,其它都低于1.0个。根据对整倍体株系及其回交一代的减数分裂染色体行为的观察,初步推断这12个株系为中国春小麦-苏联球茎大麦的二体异代换系(ST-2,ST-3,ST-7,ST-8,ST-9,ST-11);异易位纯合体(ST-1,ST-4,ST-5,ST-6,ST-10,ST-12)。
Cytogenetical studies were carried out on 12 euploid hybrids derived from [(Chinese Spring (CS)×H. bulbosum) × CS 5B monosomic] . The meiotic chromosome behavior in the hybrids of euploid hybrids ×CS was also examined.The meiotic pairing of these lines at Ml was almost normal- Their univalent ratios were slightly higher than that of CS. With the exception of two lines, the univalents of which were more than 0.5 per cell, univalents per cell of all other lines were less than 0.5. These suggested that they were basically stable. The observation of meiotic chromosome behaviour of hybrids from euploid lines ×CS showed that 6 plants had more than mean univalent in one cell, the others had less than one. Judging from these chromosme behaviours, these euploid lines were introgressed to CS through alien disomic chromosome substitution (ST-2, ST-3, ST-7, ST-8, ST-9, ST-11), alien chromosome translocation (ST-1, ST-4, ST-5, ST-6, ST-10, ST-12)- In addition, in two hybrids (SC-6, SC-7) of (euploid line XCS), high tetravalent ratios were observed, suggesting that these two euploid lines (ST-6, ST-7) might be translocation of wheat chromosome produced by homoeologous chromosome pairing among wheat chromosome in the presence of genetical material of H. bulbosum.
关键词
小麦
大麦
属间杂种
细胞遗传
Triticum aestivum, Hordcum bulbosum, Euploid lines, Meiotic division, Substitution lines, Translocation lines
