摘要
中国自1981年起参加了国际水稻遗传评价(INGER)的合作研究。20年来已引入 INGER 提供的1.8万余份各国水稻种质,经全国14点的多年综合评价,从中直接命名推广了35个品种,作恢复系(源)组配了28个杂交水稻新组合,筛选出一大批高产、优质、多抗、耐逆、广亲和等材料,并作为亲本利用于全国各育种项目。据不完全统计,INGER 种质在中国的种植面积累计约1450万 hm^2,增产稻谷544万 t,取得了巨大的经济效益和社会效益。遗传背景多样化的 INGER 水稻种质不仅提高了我国的水稻育种水平,而且丰富了我国的稻种资源宝库。
The International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice (INGER)is a global partnership between international and national agricultural research institutions. INGER focuses on rice germplasm exchange,evaluation and utilization worldwide with a unique,two-way flow of germplasm and information.China has actively participated in the activities of INGER since 1981.During the pasted 20 years,more than 18000 INGER entries with genetic diversity have been introduced and evaluated by 14 Chinese institu- tions. Among of them,35 INGER elite entries have been directly released as commercial va- rieties,and 28 new hybrids using INGER entries as restorer lines (restorer donors) have been bred to farmers.Many INGER entries were indirectly utilized as cross parents or dis- ease/insect resistant donors in national and provincial ricce breeding programs.On the other hand,304 Chinese rice breeding lines and traditional varieties have been nominated to INGER for global evaluation and utilization.There were,since 1981 in China,about 14.5 cumulated million hectares planted INGER rice varieties,from that 5.44 million tons more of rough rice was received.Therefore,ING~;R cooperation has enriched rice germplasm,facilitated rice breeding,and obtained a great benefit both in economy and so- ciety in China.
