摘要
我国甘薯资源十分丰富,常年种植面积约1亿亩,总产约1亿多吨,均居世界首位。甘薯在我国的粮食生产中居第四位,仅次于水稻、小麦和玉米。60年代前甘薯主要用作粮食和饲料,其后随着工农业生产的发展,甘薯逐渐转变为工业原料。目前,甘薯综合加工利用已形成一个新型行业。以甘薯为原料加工的各类产品日益受到国内外消费者的欢迎。因此,发展甘薯综合加工利用,可以做到物尽其用,扩大产品的用途,提高产品价值,增加国民收入,繁荣城乡经济,从而大大提高其经济效益和社会效益。
Sweet potato planting area in China for an average year is about 6.7 million hectares and its annual output is 100 million tons or more, both of which occupy first place, in the world.
Sweet potato in China before 1960's was used mainly as staple food in the rural area (50％), secondly as feed(30％), only a little as the processing of rude starch and alcoholic drink (about 10％). After the late seventies, sweet potato has changed to subsidiary food (12％) from staple food, but its amount used for iudstrial processing (45％) and feed (30％) has been increasing year by year.
The comprehensive processing products of sweet potato in China have ten odd kinds with dozens of assortments. The way of sweet potato processing in China may be divided into the following three kinds,the first is the porcessing of sweet potato for industry, producing various light and chemical industrial products with the large amount of the starch alcoholic drink,alchol,citric acid, gourmet powdor, maltose, fructi-lucose, etc. Besides, the processing of butanol, butanoic acid, acetone, amino acids, enzymatic preparation, starch derivation etc, is also developed in China; the second is food processing, which produces the sweet potato preserves, sweet potato jelly, 'Liancheng dried red flesh sweet potato'('LDSP'), frozen fried sweet potato chips, sweet potato can, sweet potato vermicelli, etc. with large amount of sweet potato preserves, 'LDSP' and sweet potato vermicelli; the third is feed processing, producing silage,fermented feed and mixed feed from the stems and leaves, sweet potato, dried sweet potato chips or the by-products after industrial processing.
With the development of national economy of China, the comprehensive processing sweet ptato in China will have a broad prospect.In order to develop it well,the following important measures should be adopted: 1) the key study for sweet potato in order to breed new special varieties suited to different kinds of processing; 2) the foundation of a special research institute for the sweet potato processing; 3) the attention to the development of equipments and technology for processing and the comprehesive use of the preducts and by-products of sweet potato processing; 4) the rational adjustment of the price parities between the primary processing and finishing or deeply processing.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
1989年第4期34-39,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
