摘要
由于外来种的大量引进和杂交利用,我国地方畜禽品种资源受到严重威胁,一些品种已濒临灭绝。本文以大额牛为例,在国内外首次用群体生存力方法模拟分析该珍稀牛种资源的生存过程和系统压力及遗传等影响因素。结果表明,大额牛目前的状况很危险,按现在的生存状况,群体平均灭绝时间为52～78年。除非采取轮回交配制度、降低死亡率、减少灾害发生频率、合理的公母畜交配比例等措施。在畜禽遗传资源保护行动中,不仅需从遗传本身考虑,正确解决系统压力问题更重要。
Population viability process, systemic pressures and genetic factors of Mithun were studied with population viability analysis. The result showed that population viability had been affected by the factors of mortality of various stage,proportions of breeding males and females, variation of environment and catastrophe besides initial population size and genetic factors. The average time of population extinct was 52 - 78 years if this species was breeding in present. The initial population size of 200 was safety under making some conservation actions of which low mortality and catastrophe. The Mithun could live well if above 80% females breed and breeding proportion of males and females is 1∶2-3. The population viability could be enhanced when the population was divided into subpopulations of which exchange some males among subpopulations.
出处
《畜牧兽医学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第2期127-131,共5页
ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA
基金
国家重点基础研究(G2000016106)
科技部基础性工作项目资助。
