摘要
大坝是人类战胜自然的象征 ,它在蓄水、防洪、供水、灌溉、发电、航运等方面对人类社会发展起了重要保障作用。由于筑坝 ,现在世界上的许多大江大河差不多都变成了水库搭起来的台阶 ,彻底改变了河流自然的季节流量模式 ,引起河水的温度和化学成分变化 ;将河谷生命网络间的联系切断 ,使生物多样性减少 ;搅乱了河流的侵蚀、搬运和沉积地质作用过程 ,引起河岸滑塌 ,而且诱发水库地震 ;拦住了淤积洪泛平原与入海的沉积物 ,使河道形态发生变化 ,对流域生态环境造成严重的影响 ,甚至破坏。
This paper introduces the general condition of the dam development in the world, analyzes the influence of dam on geological environment, water quality hydrologic condition, river course shape and ecological environment of the catchment. These influences mainly include change in temperature and chemical composition of river water, decreasing of biologic variousness, river bank collapse, reservoir earthquake and so on. Attention should be paid to these poor influence.
出处
《山西水利科技》
CAS
2002年第1期92-96,共5页
Shanxi Hydrotechnics
关键词
拦河大坝
水库
流域
生态环境
影响评价
Dam Ecological Environment Catchment Reservoir Influence
