摘要
重点阐述环境矿物材料基本性能 ,包括矿物表面吸附、孔道过滤、结构调整、离子交换、化学活性、物理效应、纳米效应及与生物交互作用等 ,旨在发掘、凝炼并新提出继物理方法和化学方法之后与有机界生物同效的无机界矿物天然自净化功能的基础理论与应用方法 ,以发展和完善无机矿物与有机生物所共同构筑的自然界中存在的天然自净化系统 ,并就目前笔者在黄铁矿、锰钾矿、金红石、蛭石、蒙脱石、黄钾铁矾等天然矿物方面已经完成和正在开展的一系列环境矿物材料研究工作进行了举例说明。
Natural self-purification, a potential mechanism in nature whereby mankind and the Earth are interrelated with each other, has been playing an increasingly important role in the field of harnessing contamination and remedying environment. Neverthelsss, the self-purification of natural minerals widely occurring in the inorganic world has been largely ignored. This means that only half of the potential self-purification capabilities offered by nature are recognized, exploited and utilized. Utilizing most of the natural self-purification functions of both the organic and the inorganic world is a reflection of implementation of the whole self-purification function. Pollutant treatment by natural minerals is based on the law of nature and reflects natural self-purification function in the inorganic world, similar to that of the organic world. The purification function of natural minerals for reducing pollutants is reflected mainly in the basic properties of environmental mineral materials. The basic properties of this function include surface adsorption, modified porous filtration, defects of crystal structure, ionic exchange, chemical activation, physical effect and micro-effect at nanometre levels as well as mineralogical-biological interactions. A series of case studies related to the natural self-purification, which were mostly completely by our group, are discussed in this paper. Mineralogical method and biological method are well matched in pollutants disposal and jointly constitute a natural system of self-purification in terms of pollution treatment and environmental remediation in the spheres of interaction between mankind and the earth surface.
出处
《岩石矿物学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第4期371-381,共11页
Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica
基金
科学技术部基础研究司攀登特别支持资助课题
国家自然科学基金资助项目 (4 9972 0 17)
关键词
环境矿物学
环境矿物材料
无机界矿物
天然自净化功能
污染物治理方法
environmental mineralogy
environmental mineral materials
inorganic minerals
natural self-purification
method of contaminants disposal
