摘要
研究了贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区退化喀斯特森林自然恢复过程中群落的动态特征。群落组成结构变化体现于不同适应等级种组的变化 ,不同恢复阶段各种组的优势地位不同 ,草本群落阶段与草灌过渡阶段 ,灌丛灌木阶段与灌乔过渡阶段 ,常绿落叶阔叶林阶段与顶极群落阶段其居优势地位的种组分别为先锋种 ,次先锋种和过渡种 ,次顶极种和顶极种 ,种组替代规律是先锋种经次先锋种、过渡种最终被次顶极种和顶极种替代。随着退化喀斯特群落自然恢复 ,群落高度 (0 6～ 16 9m)、盖度 (0 2 9～ 0 79)、显著度 (0 872 0～2 1 8981cm2 ·m- 2 )逐渐提高 ,而密度早期增大之后逐渐降低 (36 32 8～ 5 6 116株·hm- 2 ,5 6 116～ 2 372株·hm- 2 ) ;物种数 (16～ 5 0 )、Shannon Wiener多样性指数 (0 99～ 4 72 )、均匀度 (0 77～ 0 83)升高而生态优势度 (0 16～ 0 0 5 )降低 ;群落生物量 (3 4 9～ 87 4 5t·hm- 2 )逐渐积累增大 ;萌生株数减少而实生株数增多 。
Dynamics of a degraded Karst forest in the process of natural restoration,Maolan National Reserve in Guizhou province was studied.The structure of adaptive grade species groups was taken to indicated the change of species composition.The dominator in succession stages was pioneer species in herbaceous and herbaceous scrub stages,sub pioneer species and transition species in scrub shrub and shrub tree stages,sub climax species and climax species in evergreen and deciduous broad leaved forest,and climax stages.The pattern of species group replacement was that dominance of species groups to be transferred from pioneer species to transition species up to climax species.With natural restoration of degraded karst forest,community height,coverage,dominance were raised gradually,and their range were 0.6～16.9m,0.29～0.79,0.8720～21.8981 cm 2\5m \{-2\},respectively.Density was increased in early stages,then decreased.Species number(\%S\%),Shannon Wiener index( H ′),evenness( J )were increased but ecological dominance( C )was decreased,and their values were 16～50,0.99～4.72,0.77～0.83,0.16～0.05,respectively.Community biomass accumulated gradually from 3.49 t\5hm \{-2\} to 87.45 t\5hm \{-2\}.Percentage of seedlings in total trees increased,and community regeneration strategy was that asexual regeneration in early stages changed into seedling regeneration in later stages.
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第1期1-7,共7页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
国家自然科学基金 (3 95 60 0 2 1)
贵州省教委基金
贵州大学基金资助
关键词
退化喀斯特森林
自然恢复
群落组成
群落结构
动态变化
Degraded Karst forest, Natural restoration, Species composition and structure of community, Dynamics, Species group
