摘要
海葵毒素是从海洋生腔肠动物海葵体内提取的多肽和蛋白质毒素 ,种类很多 ,包括AnemoneSulcata毒素 ,Actiniaequina毒素和Anthopleurin毒素等。它们主要为心脏和神经毒素。多数毒素与电压依赖性钠通道结合 ,减慢钠通道的失活过程 ,且对不同组织的钠通道及不同钠通道亚型作用有差异。也有一些毒素是钾通道阻断剂。它们主要作为工具药研究离子通道的结构和功能。另外 ,有些毒素还表现其他作用 ,如抗病毒和细胞毒作用等。
Sea anemone toxins are polypeptide toxins extracted from marine invertebrates-sea anemones.There are many kinds of sea anemone toxins,including anemone sulcata toxins(ATX) extracted from Anemona sulcata,actinia equina toxins(EqT) from Actinia equina,anthopleurin toxins(AP) from Anthopleura xanthogrammica and so on.The toxins mainly acted as cardiac stimulators and neurotoxins.Most toxins are known to bind selectively to sodium channels in neuronal cells,cardiac myocytes and skeletal muscles,and prolong the time course of sodium current(INa) by slowing channel inactivation with little or no effect on activation.They had different affinities to sodium channels in different tissues or to different channel subtypes.Some sea anemone toxins could block potassium channels.The toxins were mainly used as tools to research the structure and function of ion channels.Some sea anemone toxins also had other effects such as antiviral activity,cytotoxicity and so on.
出处
《现代诊断与治疗》
CAS
2002年第1期32-35,共4页
Modern Diagnosis and Treatment
关键词
海葵
毒素类
电生理
离子通道
Sea anemone
Toxins
Electrophysiological effect
Ion channel
