摘要
本文首先介绍了分层随机抽样的基本概念和基本原理,其次又给出了关于总体平均数分层随机抽样的方法和分层随机抽样的公式,例如,绝对误差限、相对误差限、精度和抽样单元数目,特别是引进了最优配置和效率的概念。最后,本文又列举了如何利用分层随机抽样的实例,该例具有一定的参考价值。总之,分层随机抽样可以提高估计精度,减少抽样误差。
In the article, the basic concepts and basic principles of stratified random sampling were described.And then the stratified random sampling methods for estimation of population mean and the formula of tratified random sampling, for instance, absolute error, relative error, precision and sampling units were given.Specially, concepts of optimum allocation and efficiency were introduced.Finally, we have given the same examples which are of referential value for research to show that how to use stratified random sampling method.Overall, stratified random sampling may increase precision of estimation and decrease sampling error.
关键词
森林资源调查
抽样调查
分层抽样
stratified random sampling
precision
optimum allocation
efficiency
