摘要
本文初步论证1987年在元谋小河地区发现的豹子洞箐和蝴蝶梁子两个古猿地点的时代大体相同,不可能分别属于距今200—250万年和300—400万年,而都应是早上新世,估计距今500—600万年,比禄丰古猿地点稍晚。同时还记述1990年初在班果盆地发现的雷老古猿地点的地层和哺乳动物化石,其时代与小河地区的三个古猿地点相近。
Yuanmou basin is located in the south of the Hengduan Mountain, about 200 km. to the north-west of Kunming city. The hominoid localities are situated on the high platform of both the Xiaohe and the Leiyi rivers in the north of Yuanmou basin, about 30-40 km. north of Yuanmou county. The strata of the hominoid localities (Baozidongjing, Hudieliangzi, Gai-pailiangzi, Daishujingliangzi) are all fluvial deposits, consisting of sand, gravel, sandy clay, about 30-50 m. or more in thinkness. The Neogene beds are directly overlying on the old bedrock (Mesozoic 'Red Beds' and Granite) and Early Neogene bed (Miocene lacustrine deposits)
There are three localities (Baozidongjing, Hudieliangzi and Gaipailiangzi) on the high platform of Xiaohe river. 'Homo erectus zhupengensis' (Jiang et al., 1987) or 'Homo orien-talis' (Zhang et al., 1987) was collected from the locality, Baozidongjing near Zhupeng Village. It was considered to be early stage, of lower Pleistocene (B. P. 2 Ma). The 'Ramapi-thecus hudienensis' (Zhang et al,, 1987) was collected from the Hudieliangzi near Ziaohe Village and considered to be late Pliocene (B. P. 3-4 Ma).
According to the characteristics of deposits and the fauna and comparing them with those of hominoid fossil site of Lufeng, we draw the following:
1. Baozidongjing bed of 'Homo orientalis' is higher than that of Ramapithecus hudien-easis. But judging from the bearing of both the strata of them and the trace of new struture, the Baozidongjing bed can b econsidered similar to the bed of Hudieliangzi site.
2. The age of Baozidongjing bed with 'Homo orientalis' is similar to the one of Hudieliangzi bed with 'Ramapithecus hudienensis'. It is because the elements of Hipparion, Chilotherium and some Carnivora also appeared in the Hudieliangzi bed.
3. Judging from the comparisons of the Carnivora and the others of Yuanmou Xiaohe fauna, it is possible that the geological age of Yuanmou fauna was later than Lufeng fauna and probably represents a lower fauna zone of the Early Pliocene (B. P. 5-6 Ma) in South China.
The Leilao hominoid fossil was found by a field team of the Paleontology, Yunnan Pro- vince in the spring of 1990. Leilao is a village of Yuanmou county and about 10 km. to the South of Xiaohe hominoid site and collected from Daishujingliangzi near Leilao village. They are:
Brachyrhizomys nagrii
Monosaulax sp.
Hyaenidae indet. gen. sp.
Stegolophodon banguoensis
Stegotetrabelodon primitium
Hipparion platyodus
Chilotherium yuannanensis
Macrotherium salinum i
Potamochoerus sp.
Suidae indet. gen. sp.
Yunnanotherium sp.
Dorcabune sp.
Muntiacus sp.
Muntiacus jenhoensis
Cervavitus sp.
Cervinae indet. gen. sp.
As can be seen from the above list the fa una is similar to the Xiaohe hominoid fauna, such as Monosaulax, Stegolophodon, Hipparion, Chilotherium, Macrotherium, Yunnanothe-rium, Dorcabune etc. So the Leilao hominoid fauna can be correlated with the Xiaohe fauna.
出处
《人类学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第2期155-166,共12页
Acta Anthropologica Sinica
关键词
古猿化石地点
地层时代
云南元谋
Hominoid Fossil Localities of Yuanmou
Early Pliocene fluvial deposits
