摘要
根据 1997- 0 9— 2 0 0 0 - 0 6在北京市昌平县北郊农场进行的冬小麦渗灌技术试验资料及调查资料 ,研究了渗灌对冬小麦产量构成及最终产量的影响、渗灌技术的节水效益和经济效益。结果表明 ,渗灌比喷灌平均增产 9.5 % ,比旱地增产 62 .3% ,产量结构中以渗灌千粒重表现最高。小麦生长期内农田总耗水量喷灌最大 ,渗灌次之 ,旱地最小。渗灌可明显提高冬小麦水分利用效率 ,渗灌处理水分利用效率平均为 13.2 5 kg.hm-2 .mm-1,是喷灌处理的 1.35倍。 3年平均渗灌比喷灌节水 4 3.9%。渗灌年净效益比喷灌多 976.6元 .hm-2 ,增加 2 0 .91%。渗灌具有节省开支 ,产投比提高的特点 ,作为一种新型的灌溉方式 。
The effects of seeping irrigation on yield components and final yields, water saving benefit and economic benefit were studied based on the data from field experiments with two treatments, seeping irrigation and sprinkler irrigation in winter wheat field, reduced irrigation as the control, in Beijing from Sept. 1997 to June 2000, and the data from a survey. The results showed: The yield in seeping irrigation was increased by 9.5% and 62.3% in average compared with sprinkler and reduced irrigation. The thousand grain weight in seeping irrigation was the highest. The total field water consumption in sprinkler irrigation was the highest during wheat growth, the next was in seeping irrigation, and the reduced irrigation was the least. The seeping irrigation could obviously increase the water utilization efficiency(WUE).The average WUE in seeping irrigation treatment was 13.25kg· hm -2 ·mm -1 . Itwas 1.35 times that in sprinkler irrigation. During the period of three years, seeping irrigation could save water 43.9% average across years compared with sprinkler irrigation. The Net benefit of seeping has increased 976.6 yuan·hm -2 as compared with that in sprinkler irrigation and was increased by 20.91%. Also, seeping irrigation reduced the costs and had high output input ratio. As a new type of irrigation, seeping technology has the effective water use, yield increasing and good benefit.
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第5期35-41,共7页
Journal of China Agricultural University
基金
北京市农委"北京地区农田渗灌技术节水高产研究"项目
国家科技部"北京市水资源可持续利用的经济研究"
关键词
冬小麦
渗灌
节水高产技术
经济效益
winter wheat field
seeping irrigation
water saving
yield increasing
economic benefit
