摘要
采用盆栽试验研究了不同水肥条件对小麦地上部分和根系生物量、养分吸收状况及产量的影响。结果表明 :随着水肥条件的改善 ,小麦地上部及整体植株生物量均呈明显增加趋势 ,而根系生物量在水肥条件适宜时较小 ,次适宜时较大 ;当水分进一步亏缺时 ,根系生长受阻 ,其生物量下降。水肥条件对小麦成穗率及穗粒数均有不同程度的影响 ,从而导致了籽粒产量在不同水肥条件下的差异 ;千粒重受水肥条件影响不大。适宜的水肥条件有利于作物对养分的吸收和运输 ,有利于植株的协调生长 ;而当水分供应不足时 ,根系与地上部分存在对养分和光合产物的竞争 ,根系成为光合产物的优势库 ,根系养分含量增加 ,根 /冠亦增大。当土壤水分严重亏缺时 ,根系及茎秆中的养分向穗粒部运输受阻 。
Pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of different combinations of water and fertilizers on various organ biomass, yield of winter wheat, and nutrient uptakes by wheat. The results showed that when improving water and fertilizer supply, there were significant increases in the biomass of stalk and the whole plant of wheat; on the contrary, the weight of root was gradually decreased. When the water supply was reduced, the growth of root was hindered, and its biomass decreased. The role of water and fertilizers on the yields of wheat is due to their effects on the formation ratio of ears and the ratio of spikelet per ear. And water and fertilizer supply had no significant effect on the weight of per 1 000 grains. At the good supplies of water and fertilizer, nutrient uptake was increased; and its transfer to other parts of plant was efficient. When water supply was decreased, there were competition for nutrients and metabolic products from photosynthesis. And the root becomes the sink for metabolic products at this condition. At the same time, nutrients in the root were increased, and so was the ratio of root to stalk. When the water supply of the soil was in serious stress, the nutrient transfer to ear from the root and stalk was significantly deterred, and the nutrients accumulated in those organs.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第3期30-35,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目 ( 49890 330 )资助
