摘要
目的 用科学的数据确切地证明慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染者可能存在的传播途径,尤其是口腔就医传染途径的存在,并讨论相应的预防方法。方法 用预先设计好的流行病学调查表,选择传染病医院一段时间内住院和门诊的慢性HBV感染者400例,对其可能存在的感染途径做出判断。结果 在乙肝疫苗未问世的情况下,垂直传播占被调查者的39％,且母亲阳性较父亲阳性更易传染给下一代;医源性感染中主要感染途径是注射和口腔就医,分别占被调查者的20.5％和9.8％。结论 在婴幼儿及高危人群接种乙肝疫苗后,对医源性感染应特别引起重视,各种医疗器械,尤其是口腔就医时作为极其重要传染源的口腔科手机更应严格消毒,避免交叉感染;应继续加强健康教育宣传力度。
Objective Using scientific data to demonstrate the possible routes by which chronic HBV transmission, especially by dental treatment, and to discuss related preventive methods.Methods Using a pre - designed research sheets for epidemic diseases, we inquired 400 out - and - in - patients in the hospitals for infectious diseases during certain period of time and determine their possible infectious causes.Results After the invention of HBV vaccine, the vertical transmission is 39% of total inquired patients, and the positive mothers are easier to infect their children than the positive fathers. Among the iatrogenic infectious routes, injection and dental treatment cause accounted for 20.5% and 9.8% respecrively of total inquired patients. Eeating out may cause 48% of total inquired patients getting HBV infection. Conclution Infants and young children and high risking population should be injected by HBV vaccine. Pay - Special attentions should be paid on the iatrogenic infectious routes. All medial instrument, especialy the dental surgical implements, should be carefully sterilized to avoid cross infection.
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
2001年第3期171-173,共3页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
