摘要
从稠油官能团组分与极性组分油 水界面张力的角度 ,研究了稠油各组分的界面活性及其在水包油型乳状液中的作用机理和影响因素。测定了官能团四组分以及极性四组分的油 水界面张力 ,考察了组分浓度、水相 pH值、温度、盐度等因素对油 水界面张力的影响。结果表明 ,稠油极性四组分的甲苯溶液 水的界面张力大小顺序为 :饱和分 >芳香分 >胶质 >沥青质 ;官能团四组分的顺序为 :中性分 >碱性分 >酸性分和两性分。酸性分、两性分及沥青质均具有低界面张力的特性 ,尤其在碱性 (pH =11～ 12 )条件下 ,界面张力很低 ,是稠油中主要的界面活性组分。碱性条件下更有利于O/W型超稠油乳状液的稳定。官能团组分更能揭示稠油中活性组分的内在本质。
The interface tensions ( γ ) of oil water system containing Liaohe heavy crude functional fractions or polar components (acid, basic, amphoteric, neutral fractions, saturates, aromatics, resin and asphaltene) were measured The effects of bulk content of components, water pH value, salinity and temperature on γ were investigated The results showed that γ between the aqueous phase and the toluene phase containing different polar fractions were sequenced as follows: γ (saturates)> γ (aromatics)> γ (resins)> γ (asphaltenes), while that of the functional fractions was: γ (neutral fractions) > γ (basic fractions)> γ (acid fractions) and γ (amphoteric fractions) The interficial tensions of acid fraction, amphoteric fraction and asphaltene fraction were low especially in basic conditions(pH=11～12), showing that they were the main interfacial active components in heavy crude oils Basic conditions are favorite to maintain the stability of the O/W emulsions By using the isolation method based on functional groups, the action essence of active components in heavy crude oils can be well revealed
出处
《石油学报（石油加工）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第5期1-5,共5页
Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)
基金
中国石油天然气股份公司攻关课题 (辽河低凝乳化油的研究 ) ( 990 814 0 9)
