摘要
科学技术的发展,日益要求在各种零件材料上加工出精密微小孔。在新开发研究出的各种加工微孔的技术中,电火花打孔是目前研究探索的主要途径,并最具应用前景。本文在分析了微小孔电火花加工的必要条件后,简要介绍了自行设计研制的微型电火花打孔实验装置,和所采用的一种制造工具电极的新工艺——走丝反拷法。经过加工试验,在本装置上已能反拷出φ0.04mm的工具电极和加工出φ0.05mm深径比为8的微孔。根据试验结果,分析了放电参数、机床精度和进给控制系统的灵敏度对加工孔径、加工速度和加工质量的影响。并指出了需进一步改进和探索的问题。
With the development of science and technology, more and more precision micro-holes are drilled on workpieces of different materials. In various drilling methods developed, electrodischarge drilling is the main and most prospective one. In this paper, the conditions required for drilling precision micro-holes are discussed, and then a miniature self-designed electrodischarge drilling device and a new way of making tool electrode, the moving wire copying method, developed by the authors and used in this device are analysed. On this device, the diameter of tool electrode can be made as small as Φ 0.01 mm, and holes of Φ0.05mm with a depth-diameter ratio of 8 can be machined. Based on the analysis of experimental results , the influence of electric parameters, the accuracy of machining device, and the sensitivity of control system on the diameter and quality of the drilled holes and the machining rate are discussed. At last the existing problems to be solved are pointed out.
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
电火花加工
工具电极
精密微小孔
electrospark machining, tool electrodes, precision micro-hole, electrodischarge drilling
