摘要
本文将长壁工作面上覆老顶视为位于Winkler弹性基础上的Kirchhoff板。通过对主结构块的受力、活动与平衡的分析,指出在坚硬顶板条件下,工作面矿山压力显现的主要特征是来压时具有较强烈的冲击载荷,造成直接顶大面积垮落和支架的严重损坏。而且,冲击载荷的强烈程度与老顶断裂线至工作面煤壁的相对距离有关,断裂线愈向煤壁内深入,冲击载荷愈缓和,老顶稳定性愈高。另一方面,根据Winkier弹性基础上Kirchhoff板破断规律的研究发现,老顶断裂线至工作面煤壁的相对距离与支承煤体、直接顶的弹性系数有关,弹性系数愈小,断裂线愈向煤壁内深入。由此,本文提出采用工作面煤壁前方煤体松动爆破减缓老顶来压强度的方法,这个方法已在大同矿务局云岗矿得到了实践证明,取得了良好的技术、经济效果。
The paper considers the overlying main roof over a longwall face as a Kirchhoff plate on the Winkler elastic fundament. Based on analysis of loading, movement and balance of the main structural block, the authors point out that the main characteristics of ground pressure manifestation of hard roof face is intensive impact loading when weighting,which makes the nether roof collapse over large area and brings about severe damage of the roof support. And the intensity of the impact is related to the relative distance between the fracture Line in the main roof and coal rib at face. The deeper the fracture penetrates into the coal rib, the more the impact loading is released,and the main roof becomes more stable. On the other hand, according to the discovery of the study of rules of fracture developed in Kirchhoff plate on Winkler elastic fundament, the relative distance from the fracture line in the main roof to coal rib is related to elastic coefficient of the supporting coal rib and the nether roof. The smaller the elastic coefficient, the deeper the fracture penetrates into coal rib. Therefore, the paper proposes a blasting method for loosing the coal rib in front of face to release weighting of the main roof. This method has been proved in Yungang Colliery, Datong Mining Administration to be satisfactory technically and economically.
出处
《煤炭学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第2期11-20,共10页
Journal of China Coal Society
关键词
顶板
压力
控制
hard roof
longwall face
weighting control
Kirchhoff plate
Winkler elastic fundament
