摘要
对分支机构管理 ,一直是国有商业银行改革和发展中努力探索的核心问题。新中国成立以来 ,国有银行管理体制大致经历了高度集权的大一统管理阶段、以放权搞活为中心的企业化改革阶段、以法人授权分级管理为核心的商业化改革阶段。管理体制的变迁都是围绕集权和分权而展开 ,既有成功的经验 ,也有失败的教训。从理论基因分析 ,国有商业银行的行为特征、效率特征、控制特征和技术特征是影响集权、分权选择和尺度把握的根源。现代企业组织理论和国外商业银行经验告诉我们 ,对分支机构的管理应有利于一级法人体制的实施 ;有利于资源配置优化和整体效益的提高 ;有利于建立合理的分权体制和激励机制。要实现这一目标有两条路径 ,即组织体系创新和组织体系下管理创新 ,而后者则是当前国有商业银行改革的现实选择。其基本思路就是一级法人充分运用现代信息技术 ,延伸总行的可视力和掌控力 ,通过对分支机构的评价、评级和实时监控 ,对机构调整、资源配置、经营授权、班子任免和奖励惩处提出意见 ,引导管理行对所辖行的管理行为 ,实现经营目标以及法人风险承担与风险控制的对称 ,建立和完善国有商业银行法人治理结构。
The management of branch is a core issue in the reform and the development of state-owned commercial banks at all times.Since the founding of the People′s Republic of Chian,the managerial system of the state-owned commercial banks has experinced three periods.The first one is highly centralized mono-management system period.The second one is enterprise-style management characterized by transferring the power to the enterprises period,and the third one is commercialized reform period with authorized power by the legal entity and level-to-level adminitration.Actually the core issue of the managerial system reform is the centralization of power or the decentralization of the power.Theoretically,the bank′s characters in terms of the action,efficienc regulation and technology are the key points of this issue.Modern corporation theory and the experience of foreing commercial banks has showed that the objective of the management system should be great advantae to the implement of first-grade legal entity system,to the optimal allocation of resources and the improvement of efficiency,and to the establishment of rational decentralization of power system and incentive mechanism.The author concludes that there are tow patties to realize the objective--the innovation of the organizational system and the innovation of the managerial system.The latter is the realistic choice for the current reform of the state-owned commercial banks.
出处
《金融研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2001年第9期1-17,共17页
Journal of Financial Research
