摘要
目的 :摸清城市下水道鼠类分布特点 ,探索防制技术。方法 :用拖食法观察不同地域、不同生境、不同季节城市下水道鼠类分布特点 ,分析不同毒饵饵料适口性 ,用拖食、粉迹、鼠征法观察下水道灭鼠效果及对地面鼠密度影响。结果 :上海城市下水道鼠类 (拖食率 )高达 30 %以上 ,弄尾拖食率高于弄头、弄中 ;特殊行业周围高于一般行业和居民区 ;老城厢地区高于工房建筑群地区。其拖食率高低与窨井盖好坏无关 ,与沿江与否无关 ;出现春、秋 ( 3～ 4、1 0～ 1 1月 )两季高峰。荤性和油条毒饵灭鼠 ,其拖食率优于腊块 ,但在鼠类严重地区 ,腊块灭鼠也是一种较好方法。采用一井二饵 (腊块 +荤性自配饵 )连续 2 0d二次投饵后 ,使地面建筑物内粉迹法密度下降 57.58% ,有鼠率下降 40 .57% ,鼠征阳性率下降 6 4.45%。结论 :城市下水道灭鼠是一项复杂工程 ,应在摸清鼠类分布特点基础上 ,制订出适合辖区特点的城市下水道鼠类防制对策和规划 ,寻找最佳的防制适期和周期 ,以控制下水道鼠患和强化建筑物防鼠设施双重原则实施。
Objective:To investigate the Rodent distribution peculiality and the control technology. Methods: Using bait expending to observe the rodent distribution on the different zone, environments and seasons; Using the pairing bait to analysis the palatability of difference poison bait; Using the bait expending, powdered spot and rodent trace to observe the rodent control effect and its influence to rodent density of the ground. Results: The rodent density is more than 30% (bait expending) in city sewer of Shanghai. The rats distribution peculiality was: ⑴the rate of bait expending on alley-beginning higher than alley-end; ⑵the rate of bait expending on emphasis unit higher than non-emphasis unit and residence area; ⑶the rate of bait expending on old city proper higher than new; ⑷the rats density was non-relation between good sewer cover and poor; ⑸it was non-relation between the area of along the river and non-along the river; ⑹the rats population peak was spring (March and April) and autumn (October and November). Used meat dishes (roast duck, crust, sausage, meat) and oil food was more excellent than used wax bait. Used wax bait for rats serious harassment was also an effect control method. Two poison baits per sewer (wax+meat dishes or wax+oil food) were used to control the city sewer rodent. The rats density on ground was decline 57.58 % (powdered spot), 40.57 % (rate of rats per family) and 64.45 % (rodent trace). Conclusions: Controlling the city sewer rodent is a complicacy work, it should be basis on investigating the rodent distribution, formulating preventive strategy for rodent of city sewer and studying best controlling period and methods. It should be strengthen rodent prevention equipment and controlling rodent of city sewer.
出处
《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2001年第5期326-329,共4页
Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control
关键词
城市下水道
鼠类
防制
分布特点
上海
City sewer
Rodent control
The distribution peculiality
