摘要
在深圳河治理工程环境影响评估研究中 ,将 1 995年 7月至 1 998年 4月在 3个断面获得的 3种多毛类的数量进行分析 ,得出深圳河口泥滩 A断面和 RB断面的小头虫有明显的季节变化 ,即冬季数量较其他季节高 ,秋季数量较其他季节低 ,ET断面的小头虫数量没有明显的季节变化。RB断面寡鳃齿吻沙蚕数量随时间推移有增加的趋势 ,与有机质含量的变化是相似的。寡鳃齿吻沙蚕和独毛虫的水平分布明显受盐度限制 ,盐度较低的 ET断面寡鳃齿吻沙蚕数量较盐度较高的 A断面和 RB断面的低 ,独毛虫没有分布到 ET断面。 A断面的独毛虫在养猪场废水注入时大量繁殖。文中探讨了溶解氧和有机质含量与 3种小个体多毛类数量的关系。
There are two famous Natural Reserve, Mai Po Marshes Reserve and Futian Natural Reserve, in Shenzhen (Deep) Bay. Deep Bay is an internationally important site for waterfowl and mangrove. Environmental stress in Mai Po and Fu Tian mudflats, induced by the accumulation of anthropogenic contaminants, such as heavy metals, poly-chlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and PAHs from industrial effluents, has aroused great concern after the Hong Kong Government declared Mai Po a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention in September 1995.;High clay content, rich organic matter and high density of macrofauna are three ecological characteristics on intertidal mudflats in Shenzhen estuary. Capitella capitata, Nephtys oligobranchia and Tharyx sp. are commom species of small individual polychaete of the intertidal mudflats in Shenzhen Estuary. Capitella capitata is a worldwide species and it is considered as indicator of pollution. ;The data of three species of small individual polychaete got from July 1995 to April 1998 seasonly. Three transects including nine stations were designed for macrobenthic investigation. The study area was located in 114°00′18″E ～114°01′48″E, 22°29′51″N～22°31′66″N. Transect A includes stations A1, A2, A3 which are on the Shenzhen side of Shenzhen Bay. A3 is located near mangrove and the distances between A1 and A2, or between A2 and A3, were about 150 m. Transect RB and ET are on the Hong Kong side of the study area. Transect RB includes stations RBO, RB3 and 45O; Transect ET includes stations ET1, ET2 and ET4. Seasonal sampling was conducted in January (winter), April (spring), July (summer) and October (autumn). To collect benthic samples, a plastic core of 10 cm diameter and 20 cm length was inserted into the sediment to a depth 20cm. The sediment collected was transferred to a plastic bag and labeled with sample number. A total of five replicates were collected at each station. To wash the samples, they were transferred to a bucket and water was added. The slurry was then swung manually and then poured gently through a 0 5 mm sieve. The benthos and sand retained on the sieve were then transferred into bottle with formalin and Rose Bengal by forceps. The specimens were taken to laboratory for identification and counting under a microscope. After counting, three species of polychaete were dried in an oven at 60℃ for 48 hours. Regression analysis used the software SPSS 10.0. The seasonal variations of Capitella capitata, Nephtys oligobranchia and Tharyx sp. vary at three transects. Capitella capitata at transect A and transect RB had clearly seasonal variation. The quantities of Capitella capitata in winter were higher than that in other seasons in the same year. But there was no quantitative patterns for Capitella capitata at transect ET. There were increasing trends for the quantities of Nephtys oligobranchia at transect A and transect RB from July 1995 to April 1998, which was similar to the temporal patterns of organic matter. Regression analysis showed there was significant interrelation between the temporal patterns of organic matter and time. There was no any trend for the quantities of Nephtys oligobranchia at transect ET with the time going. The density and biomass of Tharyx sp. at transect A increased from July 1995 to April 1997, which may related to pig-cultural farms. There were many pig-culture farms near transect A before January 1997. The sewage of the pig-culture farms was discharged into the intertidal mudflat around transect A. There was no seasonal patterns for the density and biomass of Tharyx sp. at transect RB. Tharyx sp. was not found at transect ET during investigative period. ;The distributions of Capitella capitata, Nephtys oligobranchia and Tharyx sp. on the intertidal mudflats in Shenzhen Estuary were different in various transects. The average density and biomass of Capitella capitata (average value of three years) at transect A three years were lower than those at transect ET. But the average density and biomass of Nephtys oligobranchia at transec
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第10期1648-1653,共6页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 9670 1 3 5 )
