摘要
目的总结带肌蒂自体髌骨移植治疗股骨下端骨巨细胞瘤(giantcelltumorofboneBGCT)的远期疗效,并提出手术要点。方法1964年8月～1996年12月,采用带肌蒂自体髌骨移植治疗股骨外髁BGCT6例。手术指征为肿瘤位于一侧髁,伴病理性骨折或肿瘤已侵犯到软骨下,而采用刮除植骨困难者。按术前X线片及CT显示从两髁之间截断股骨,切除外髁,直视下刮除内髁残存的肿瘤。保留2.5cm宽的股四头肌肌蒂,并将髌骨与股四头肌肌腱及髌韧带剥离,髌骨关节面翻转向下代替股骨外髁,螺钉或钢板与内髁固定,重建前十字韧带,取大块自体髂骨及异体骨充填髌骨近侧的缺损。结果6例患者随访45～433个月,平均136个月中位80个月。无复发转移,无自觉膝关节不稳,无或极轻微疼痛,均可长距离行走。随访时查体膝关节活动范围80°～120°,大部分患者侧扳试验向内稳定,股四头肌肌力5级。结论带肌蒂自体髌骨移植是治疗股骨下端单髁BGCT的一种良好方法。手术要点是彻底切除肿瘤,保留髌骨血运,重建十字韧带,髌骨置放时位置不宜过高。
Objective To study the long term results of condylar reconstruction using pedicled patella in the treatment of giant cell tumor of lower femur. Methods From August 1964 to December 1996, 6 patients with giant cell tumor in the lateral condyle of femur were treated with unicondylar resection curettage and reconstruction with pedicled patella autograft. There were 3 males and 3 females. The average age of the pateints was 30.5 years. The operative indications were as the following: tumor was located in one condyle, complicated with pathological fracture or the tumor had invaded underneath cartilage which was difficult for curettage. Surgical procedure included: Lateral condyle resection according to X ray or CT image, curettage of the possible remaining tumor tissues in the medial condyle. A muscle pedicle of 2.5 cm wide from the quadriceps was raised with the patella, then the articular surface of patella was used to reconstruct the articular surface of femoral condyle, ilium graft(sometimes allograft) was used to fill the defect proximal to the patella. The grafts was fixed by screws and(or) plates. Anterior cross ligament was fixed to the patella. Results 6 patients were followed up for a mean period of 136 months. There were no infection, recurrence, metastasis and instability. All patients could walk for a long distance. The range of motion of the involved knees was between 80° and 120°. There was no varus deformity under stress test, but about 5 degrees valgus deformity under stress test could be found in some, muscle strenth was 5 grade. Conclusion Pedicled patella autograft is a good method for the treatment of giant cell tumor that invades unilateral condyle of lower femur, it is specially suitable to the patients with pathological fracture or severe destruction underneath the cartilage. Thorough resection and curretage of the tumor, preserving the blood supply of patella, refixing the cross ligament, and lower placement of patella are the key points to obtain the satisfactory results.
出处
《中华骨科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第9期544-547,共4页
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
