摘要
已认识到全肠外营养在危重病人营养支持中的不足 ,主要是感染和肝功能的并发症较难克服。与全肠外营养相比 ,肠内营养具有并发症少、费用低等优点 ,但由于外科病人通过肠道进行营养支持有一定限制。为避免能量与蛋白质供给不足 ,可采用肠内 +肠外的营养支持模式。过多供给能量与蛋白质 ,不仅不能改善病人的营养状态 ,反而对机体有害。危重病人的合理营养支持最好是按实际测量的能量消耗供给营养底物。要想进一步改善重危病人营养支持的效果 ,必须注重辅助疗法的应用 ,如谷氨酰胺、精氨酸、亚油酸。
The disadvantages of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in critically ill patients were increased infection rate and hepatic dysfunction.Enteral nutrition (EN) can overcome the shortcomings of TPN and cost less.However,EN may not provide enough energy and protein because of the limited gut function.The best mode of the nutritional support in the critical ill patients is PN+EN.The non protein calorie and protein needs can be decided by the measured energy expenditure and overfeeding should be avoided.To further improve the critically ill patient nutritional status,immunonutrition and ecoimmunonutrition should be considered.
出处
《肠外与肠内营养》
CAS
2001年第3期173-176,共4页
Parenteral & Enteral Nutrition
关键词
危重病人
营养
代谢支持
Critical ill
Parenteral nutrition
Enteral nutrition
Glutamine
Diet fiber,Somatotropin
