摘要
在GIS平台上 ,以 195 1～ 1990年中国大陆垂直形变速度图为基础求出的垂直形变速率梯度 ,其变化情况基本上反映了中国大陆地壳的垂直剪应变及相应的剪应力的大小。东部的华北块体垂直形变速率梯度值明显地高于东北和华南地区 ,西部地区的青藏块体和天山地块的梯度较高 ,它们是现代构造活动较强的块体。斜贯中国大陆的察隅 -通化北东向高梯度带和其西侧的银川 -乌丽北东向高梯度带是现代地壳垂直差异活动强烈的地带。现代强震主要孕育发生在高梯度异常区及其附近 ,垂直形变速率梯度异常对地震危险区预测有一定的应用价值。
In this paper we illustrate the gradient of vertical deformation rates, seismotectonics and seismicity in Chinas continent, as well as their relationship. Basing on the map of vertical deformation rate of Chinas continent (1951～1990), we have derived the gradients of vertical deformation rates on a GIS platform. We find that the variation of the gradients reflects basically the magnitudes of vertical crustal shear strain and the corresponding crustal shear stress. In the eastern part of Chinas continent, the gradient of vertical deformation rates of North-China Block is obviously higher than those of Northeast China and South China Blocks. In the western part, the gradients are higher in Qinghai-Tibet and Tianshan Blocks, which are the regions of strong current tectonic activities. The NE-trending Chayu-Tonghua high gradient zone obliquely passes through Chinas continent, and the Yinchuan-Wuli high gradient zone on its west side is the region of intense current vertical differential movement. The current strong earthquakes occur mainly along the anomalous zones with high gradient and their surrounding areas. In the period from 1966 to 1976, most of the strong earthquakes occurred along the NE-trending Chayu-Tonghua high gradient zone, such as the Haicheng M S 7.3, Tangshan M S 7.8, and Xingtai M S 7.2 earthquakes in the northeast section of the zone, and the Songpan M S 7.2, Pingwu M S 7.2, Luhuo M S 7.9, and Longling M S 7.3 earthquakes in the southwest section of the zone. The gradient of vertical deformation rates is a mirror of the vertical crustal shear strain. High gradient zone of vertical deformation rates is therefore the zone of high vertical shear strain, forming the active zone of strong earthquakes. In the western part of China, however, the distribution of strong earthquakes is not accordant completely with the high gradient zone. This is partly because that the leveling data for the western part of China is relatively incomplete, which may cause the lost of information about the vertical deformation rates. In addition, strong earthquake may also be developed in the region where horizontal deformation predominates over vertical deformation. In the evaluation of active tectonics, therefore, an overall consideration should be given to both vertical and horizontal crustal deformations. In a word, the analysis of the gradient of vertical crustal deformation rates has great application potential for the assessment of seismic risk areas.
出处
《地震地质》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第3期347-356,共10页
Seismology and Geology
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目<大陆强震机理与预测>(G19984 0 70 0 )
中国地震局"九五"重点项目 (95 0 4 0 70 30 4 )
