摘要
唐宋时期居住于中国沿海城镇中的以穆斯林为主的外国侨民聚居区称为“蕃坊” ,政府设“蕃坊司” ,任命坊长“自治其徒”。元代大批域外穆斯林进入中国 ,政府设“回回哈的司” ,由哈的大师管理回回人的刑名、户婚、钱粮、词讼等事务。但元代史书关于“回回哈的司”的记载很少。 1 983- 1 984年在元亦集乃路治所黑城遗址发现了一批元代文书 ,其中三份文书涉及“回回哈的司” ,可以证明该机构在元代几经行废 ,但在元后期各地已经恢复 ,哈的大师的职权照旧 ;哈的司多设于礼拜寺中 ,说明“回回哈的司”是唐宋“蕃坊”向明清“教坊”转化的过渡形式。
The compact communities of foreigners composed mainly of Muslims in the coastal cities and towns of China during the Tang and Song Dynasties were called “Fanfang' (Quarters of Foreigners). The Chinese government established “Fanfang Si' (Bureau of Quarters of Foreigners), with “Fanfang Zhang' (Chief of the Quarters of Foreigners) appointed to rule its subjects autonomously. Large amounts of Muslims immigrated to China in the Yuan Dynasty and thus Huihui Hadi Si (Bureau of Hadji) was established, with Hadji Master in charge of the legislation, marriage, property, and litigation of Muslims. However, very little record could be found in the historical books of the Yuan Dynasty. From 1983 to 1984, some Yuan documents were excavated at Heicheng,the capital of Yijinai Prefecture in the Yuan Dynasty. Three documents referring to the Bureau of Hadji proved that the bureau had already been restored in late Yuan, after experiencing many vicissitudes during the Dynasty, with the power of Hadji Master unchanged. The Bureau of Hadji was usually located in mosques, which testified that it was a transitional form from “Fanfang' of the Tang and Song Dynasties to “Jiaofang'(Quarters of religious believers) of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
出处
《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2001年第3期152-160,共9页
Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)
