摘要
实验动物科学是一门新兴学科.本文论述了实验动物标准化与生命科学(或生物医学)研究之间的相互关系.实验动物标准化的生物学背景,包括遗传学上的背景和微生物学上的背景两个方面.实验动物从遗传学上可区分为近交系动物(也叫纯系动物)、突变种纯系动物、系统杂交动物、封闭群杂种动物和纯杂种动物5种不同的类型;从微生物学控制上可区分为无菌动物、悉生动物(或已知菌动物)、无特殊病源体动物和常规动物4大类.这些标准的实验动物,在生物医学如实验肿瘤学、分子遗传学、免疫生物学、实验药理学以及生物工程学和毒理学等研究上,都具有特殊的应用价值.
The laboratory animal science is a new science. This article reports the relationship between standardization of laboratory animals and life sciences research. Biological background for the standardization of laboratory animals includs genetic background and microbiological background. The genetic background gives five different types: inbred strain animal, mutant strain animal, hybrid animal, closed colony animal and mongrel. The microbiological background gives four different types: germ free animal, gaotobiotic animal ( or gnotophorics ) , specific pathogen free animal and conventional animal. These laboratory animals of standardization have specific value of use on the biomedical research, e. g. experimental oncology, molecular genetics, immunobiology, experimental pharmacology, bioengineering and toxicology etc.
出处
《江西科学》
1991年第2期122-128,共7页
Jiangxi Science
关键词
实验动物
标准化
生命科学
Laboratory animal, Genetic standardization, Microbiological standardization, Biomedicine
