摘要
采用人工模拟淹水的试验方法 ,研究了五个不同生育时期根际土壤淹水对 6个冬小麦品种光合作用和经济产量的影响。结果表明 ,不同生育时期根际土壤淹水对产量影响的相对受害率 ( RIR)差异及耐湿性不同品种产量的 RIR差异达极显著水平 (方差分析结果分别为 F=111.68**,υ1=4 ,υ2 =2 0 ,F0 .0 1=4 .4 3;F=18.51**,υ1=5,υ2 =2 0 ,F0 .0 1=4 .10 )。孕穗期淹水对产量影响最大 ,其次是灌浆期和拔节期 ,苗期淹水对产量影响最小。淹水促使绿叶衰亡加快 ,单株绿叶面积和干重下降 ,从而减少了光合叶面积 ,缩短了功能叶片光合时间。根际土壤淹水使小麦减产的生理生化原因为淹水逆境造成了功能叶片叶绿素含量 ( Tchl)、净光合速率 ( Pn)、气孔导度 ( Cs)、细胞间隙 CO2 浓度 ( Ci)及光合作用关键酶之一 Ru
Effect of waterlogging stress at 5 different growth stages on 6 different cultivars were studied by using simulation experiment. The results indicated that the effect of waterlogging at growth stage were highly significantly different from each other (results of anova , F=111.68 ** , υ 1=4, υ 2=20, F 0.01 =4.43), so were these on different cultivars (results of anova, F=18.51 ** , υ 1=5, υ 2=20, F 0.01 =4.10 ). The detrimental effect of waterlogging at booting stage on yield was the largest, with that at filling and jointing stage ranking the second and third, with that at seedling stage was the smallest. Waterlogging could cause more rapid death of the foliage, reduce the green leaf area, and, consequently, the area and time of photosynthesis. The physiological and biochemistry reasons of the harmful effect of waterlogging stress is that it could reduce T chl , P n, C s, C i of intercellular CO 2 and the activity of the critical enzyme RuBP.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第4期434-441,共8页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
安徽省自然科学基金项目 (编号 9812 180 5 )资助
