摘要
生境是林木引种栽培区划的主要依据 .比较分析了美国山核桃原生境和新生境的气温、降水和土壤条件 .结果表明 :该树种原生境的气候和土壤条件与我国新生境存在较大的相似性 ;通过对原生境中影响美国山核桃生长发育的主要气象因子进行主成分分析 ,得出了引种栽培该树种的主导气象因子 ;根据原产地中心产区对上述主导气象因子的反应值 ,并结合原产地美国山核桃专家的意见 ,确立了该树种的现实生态位宽度为 :年平均温度 13～ 2 0℃ ,1月平均温度 4～ 12℃ ,7月平均温度 2 5～ 3 0℃ ,极端最低温度-3 0～ -8℃ ,≥ 10℃年积温 3 3 0 0～ 5 40 0℃ ,无霜期 15 4～ 2 45 d,年降水量 2 2 4～ 162 6mm.为后期应用生物气候预测分析法进行美国山核桃引种栽培区划提供了判别依据 .
The natural conditions of a forest site are believed to be the basis on which the introduction and acclimatization of a forest tree is conducted. This article deals with a comparison of the temperature, precipitation and soil conditions between the native pecan sites in the USA and the new target pecan sites in China. Results show that there is a remarkably general similarity between the site conditions in both countries. When the climatic factors affecting the growth and development of the pecan trees as are found in the Pecan Belt of the United States are analyzed with Principal Component Analysis, the following seven dominant climatic factors are derived. Further study of these major factors by their meteorological data has helped to define the range of heat and water indices of the current ecological niche for the pecan crop, which consists of the annual mean temperature of 13~20℃, January mean of 4~12℃, July mean of 25~30℃, extremely low of -30^-8℃, heat units based on 10℃ and above of 3300~5400℃, annual frost free season of 154~245 days, and annual precipitation of 224~1626 mm. The professional opinions of the leading pecan scientists for each state across the US Pecan Belt are consulted and carefully considered so as to formulate the above ecological niche meant to be the basic marking criterion for the cultural regionalization.
出处
《中南林学院学报》
CSCD
2001年第2期1-5,共5页
Journal of Central South Forestry University
基金
国家"948"引进课题!"美国山核桃新品种及栽培经营技术引进 ( 96-4 -0 1)"的部分研究内容
关键词
美国山核桃
引种栽培区划
生境因子
主成分分析
现实生态位
中国
pecan tree ( Carya illinoensis )
cultural regionalization
forest site conditions
comparative study
principal component analysis
current ecological niche
China
