摘要
若将零售、批发、物流、制造、原材料供应等企业所开展的各种经济活动 ,视为一个完整的向消费者提供产品或服务的供应链 ,其上存在着需求波动沿着供应链向上游企业不断放大的“长鞭效应”,造成各种各样的运营浪费和失效 .该文讨论长鞭效应的概念和成因 ,并给出一种量化模型 ,用以分析比较采用分散信息和集中信息的长鞭效应 ;同时给出减轻长鞭效应的措施和方法 .
If we take all the activities of retailers, wholesalers, manufacturers, distributors and raw material suppliers as a supply chain offering products or services to customers, there is a special systematic characteristics. Demand fluctuation is getting bigger if going up along supply chain, named bullwhip effect. This results in a lot of operation wastes. The paper discusses the concept, causes and a quantifying model, and compares the results based on centralized and decentralized information system respectively. The paper proposes some strategies to be used for lessening or eliminating bullwhip effect.
出处
《上海大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
2001年第3期278-282,共5页
Journal of Shanghai University:Natural Science Edition
