摘要
我国古代早在东汉就明确发现了月亮运动的迟疾现象。在隋代以前的六部历法(乾象历,景初历,元嘉历,大明历,正光历,甲子元历)中就列有月行迟疾的有关数据。在本文中对这些数据的精度进行了初步分析。计算表明,它们与利用克普勒方程运算得到的数据之间的均方偏离为0.3古度左右。利用这两类数据与现代月亮日行数据比较,其均方偏离也只有0.4古度左右。它们与现代月亮日行数据按近点月日期的平均值更为接近,其均方偏离只有0.2古度左右,表明这些数据是当时月亮平均运动的反映,显示了当时人们对月亮运动的观测精度已经相当高了。但是六部历法中推求月亮运动的方法会产生较大的积累误差,与现代月亮日行数据比较可知,在一个近点月左右的时间内,这种积累误差最大值有时可达8古度左右。
The change of lunar velocity was found in the Eastern Han Dynasty definitly. In the 6 calendars whcih were compiled before the Sui Dynasty, the lunar speed data were listed. In this paper, the analysis of precisions of these data was made preliminarily. The mean square deviations between these data and the data calculated by Kepler equation is about 0.3 ancient degree cf China. Calculating the positions of moon used above mentioned 2 sets of data, the results are similar. Comparing the lunar speed data of the 6 calendars with the modern data, we obtained that the mean square deviation is about 0.4 ancient degree of China. The data of the 6 calendars is very close to the average values of the modern data according to the date of anomalistic month. The corresponding mean square deviations are about 0.2 ancient degree of China. It shown, the data of the 6 calendars reflected the average of lunar motion. The precision of measurement of lunar motion was fairly high during that time. However, the method of calculating moon's positions in the 6 calendars would produce the bigger accumulation of errors. Against modern data during an anomalistic month, the maximum cf the accumulation errors is about 8 ancient degrees of China occasionally.
出处
《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》
1989年第10期210-217,共8页
Annals Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences
