摘要
为计算黄土高原３种土壤不同温度下的非饱和土壤导水率，采用土壤水分动力学方法和数值模拟，利用室内试验分别对３种土壤在不同温度下的土壤水分特征曲线，湿润峰下渗速率以及湿润峰湿度与湿润剖面平均湿度的关系进行了定量研究。得到了以下结果：（１）建立了黄土高原３种土壤非饱和土壤导水率温度效应的定量模型：Ｋ（θ）＝ΔＴａθｂ＋ＫＴｒｅ，本模型为了解田间土壤水分的动态变化及评价土壤水分有效性提供了理论依据。（２）在已有模型的基础上，计算了不同含水量下，温度升高１℃所引起非饱和土壤导水率和土壤有效水的净增加量，并推导出更为直观的温度对土壤水分传导有效性影响的定量模型，可以直接计算不同温度下非饱和土壤导水率的温度效应。
In order to calculate the soil unsaturated conductivity of three different kinds of soil types on loess plateau under different temperature conditions,the quantitative experiments have studied the relations between characteristic curve and temperature factors, the relations between wetting front infiltrating speed,the water content of wetting front and average water content seperately.The results are described as follows:(1)Established three quantitative models in predicting unsaturated soil water conductivity of three soil types on loess plateau,K(θ)=ΔTaθb+KTre,and the models provided theoretical basis for finding out the dynamic change and appraising the availability of soil water.(2)Based on these models, the net increase of soil available water and soil unsaturated conductivity of different water content have been calculated with 1℃ increase of temperature and the clearer quantitative models of directly calculating temperature effect have been derived.
