摘要
本文叙述海冰模式中动力-热力过程的数学处理。模式将冰作为一种粘性-塑性流体,引入热力增长函数和变形函数表示气-冰、气-冰-水相互作用,冰脊和水道等对海冰热力和动力学过程的作用。讨论了冰模式中参数化的问题。
In this paper, the mathematic treatment of dynamic thermodynamic processes in a sea ice model is described. The thermodynamic process determines, on the principle of the conservation of energy, the thickness and temperature structure of the ice. The dynamic process determines, on the principle of the conservation of momentum, the drift and ridging of the ice. Both processes contribute to the determination of the open water or lead area within the ice cover.The thermodynamic calculations center on balancing the incoming and outgoing energy fluxes at the air/ice and air/water interfaces. The fluxes included are solar radiation, incoming and outgoing longwave radiation, sensible and latent heat, conduction through the ice layer, an ocean heat flux and absorption and emission of energy due to the change of state between ice and water.Sea ice dynamics tends to be calculated by creating a momentum balance among the following major stresses acting on the ice: wind stress, water stress, coriolies force, the stress produced by dynamic topography and internal ice stress. Sea ice is modelled as a viscous-plastic material, sometimes being considered incompressible, sometimes partly compressible. The relationships between ice stress and strain rate are modelled according to the viscous-plastic rheo-logy felt to be appropriate for the Bohai Sea ice.The continuity equation is used for connecting both sets of calculations. Thermodynamic growth rate and deformation function are introduced into the ice model for representing the air/ice and air/ice/sea interaction and parameterizing the effects of ice ridges and leads on the physical processes of sea ice. The parameterization for the sea ice model is discussed as well.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第4期321-328,共8页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
基金
自然科学基金
