摘要
近年来外商直接投资在我国的分布日渐广泛 ,由于进入到各地的FDI行业不同 ,对我国地区经济发展的影响也就不同。本文试图通过对进入中国FDI的行业空间分布的研究 ,分析FDI的行业投资的空间分布特征 ,首先用区位商分析FDI的行业相对空间分布 ,即各行业FDI投资项目在各省市的集中程度 ;然后采用偏离—份额分析法对一定时段内各省市FDI投资项目的行业变化进行计算 ,得出各省市FDI投资项目产业结构效果指数和竞争效果指数 ,通过分析认为 :直接外资重点分布的东部沿海虽然在吸引FDI方面具较强竞争力 ,但这一地区FDI的结构效果并不明显 ,原因是东部沿海FDI项目结构亟待改变 ,投资于小规模的劳动密集型制造工业已近饱和 ,而中西部地区由于进入的FDI额少 ,项目少 ,因而FDI投资结构对目前其吸引FDI的能力并无太大影响。
Recently, FDI entering China continuously rises and has entered all the fields opened to FDI. The impact of FDI to local economy depends on the industry of the companies which bring FDI. This paper attempts to do some research on the spatial distribution of FDI of different industry. We have chosen six main industries. First, location quotient to be used to map the relative spatial distribution of FDI entered to the six main industries to show the favor location of every industry and indicates the foreign investors' favor industry in different province. Then the Shift-share method has been introduced to analyze the dynamic process of FDI of the six industries in every province. Industry structure effect index and competition effect index, computed through SSM, have showed that the industry structure of FDI is not satisfying wherever the province is in the east or in the west. The conclusion is: In the east where most FDI entered, the industry structure of FDI will no more help to promote the local economy develop, which is to say the industry structure of FDI there have to be changed. In the west, although the industry structure effect is not remarkable, the main problem here is deficiency of capital and the scarcity of FDI. And what we have done is to show somehow the impact of FDI to local economy. Because of the spatial distribution of FDI, especially FDI of different industry, its impact to local economy also has spatial variation. And to a given region, wherever the amount of FDI is large or small, the impact exists and the impact depends on the industry structure of FDI.
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2001年第2期169-173,共5页
Economic Geography
关键词
中国
外商直接投资
空间分布
行业分布
区域经济
经济发展
FDI
spatial distribution of FDI
spatial distribution of FDI of different industry
local economy development
